昆虫学报 ›› 2017, Vol. 60 ›› Issue (2): 197-203.doi: 10.16380/j.kcxb.2017.02.009

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

两个葡萄杂交后代根系抗葡萄根瘤蚜及抗寒性鉴定

杜远鹏, 高振, 付晴晴, 郭淑华, 翟衡*   

  1. (山东农业大学园艺科学与工程学院, 作物生物学国家重点实验室, 山东泰安 271018)  
  • 出版日期:2017-02-20 发布日期:2017-02-20

Evaluation on phylloxera resistance and cold hardiness of roots of two grape hybrid combinations

DU Yuan-Peng, GAO Zhen, FU Qing-Qing, GUO Shu-Hua, ZHAI Heng*   

  1. (College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University/State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Tai’an, Shandong 271018, China)
  • Online:2017-02-20 Published:2017-02-20

摘要: 【目的】为了筛选抗葡萄根瘤蚜Daktulosphaira vitifoliae Fitch且抗寒的葡萄砧木以适应我国葡萄生产需求。【方法】以山葡萄Vitis amurensis Rupr.左山1号×SO4杂种F1代的45个株系(A系列)和左山1号×101-1杂种F1代27个株系(B系列)为试材,采用离体根接种鉴定法进行抗葡萄根瘤蚜鉴定及抗性分级;采用差热分析系统(differential thermal analysis, DTA)进行各株系根系的低温放热(low temperature exotherms, LTE)分析,建立各株系根系韧皮部及木质部的温度-伤害度(LT-I)回归方程,评估各株系根系的抗寒性。【结果】葡萄根瘤蚜在杂交株系根系上的产卵量均显著低于敏感品种巨峰,筛选出被葡萄根瘤蚜侵染后不能形成根瘤,抗葡萄根瘤蚜级别为0级的A系列杂交株系18个和B系列株系11个。被葡萄根瘤蚜侵染后形成根瘤比例低于10%的抗葡萄根瘤蚜级别为1级的A系列杂交株系9个和B系列株系4个;筛选出A系列综合低温放热温度隶属度函数、韧皮部和木质部低温放热温度隶属度函数3个指标均低于贝达的株系27个,B系列各指标均低于贝达的株系3个。【结论】本研究筛选出抗寒性强且对葡萄根瘤蚜抗性强的A系列株系15个和B系列株系2个。其中,A14, A16, A18, A22, A23, A28, A34, A35, A38, A44, A50, B24和B26对葡萄根瘤蚜抗性级别为0; A11, A15, A17和A27对葡萄根瘤蚜抗性级别为1。

关键词: 葡萄, 山葡萄, 葡萄根瘤蚜, 葡萄根瘤蚜抗性, 抗寒性

Abstract: 【Aim】 To screen cold-tolerant and phylloxera (Daktulosphaira vitifoliae Fitch)-resistant grape rootstocks for grapevine industry. 【Methods】 Laboratory bioassays were conducted on 45 strains (series A) of hybrid combination Vitis amurensis Rupr. Zuoshan No.1×SO4 and 27 strains (series B) of hybrid combination V. amurensis Rupr. Zuoshan No.1×101-1 to evaluate their resistance classes to phylloxera. A system of differential thermal analysis (DTA) was used for low temperature exotherms (LTE) analysis of roots of these strains, and the temperature-injury (LT-I) regression functions were established to evaluate the cold hardiness of roots. 【Results】 Phylloxera produced less eggs on these hybrid strains than on the susceptible strain Kyoho, and 18 strains from series A and 11 strains from series B with no tuberosities were classified with the resistance class 0, and nine varieties from series A and four varieties from series B with less than 10% tuberosities were classified with the resistance class 1. Twenty-seven strains from series A and three strains from series B, whose root, phloem and xylem subordination values were all lower than those of Beta, were selected for phylloxera resistance comparison. 【Conclusion】 In this study 15 strains from series A and 2 strains from series B with high phylloxera resistance and cold hardiness were selected, and the resistance class of A14, A16, A18, A22, A23, A28, A34, A35, A38, A44, A50, B24 and B26 was 0, and that of A11, A15, A17 and A27 was 1.

Key words: Grape, Vitis amurensis, Daktulosphaira vitifoliae, phylloxera resistance, cold hardiness