关键词: 西花蓟马, 螺虫乙酯, 卵壳, 两性生命表, 蛋白质组学

Abstract: Abstract: 【Aim】 To explore the differences in the eggshell structure among Frankliniella occidentalis eggs at different ages and to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the differential sensitivity to spirotetramat through proteomic analysis.【Methods】 The 0-h and 24-h eggs were treated with 20 μL 4.5% sodium hypochlorite, and the difference of eggshell was compared at 90 s after treatment. The 0-h eggs, 24-h eggs and the above treated 24-h eggs were collected and treated with 14.43 mg/L spirotetramat, and the embryonic development was observed and the hatching rate was calculated at 24 h after treatment. A two-sex life table of the 24-h eggs was built to evaluate the effects of eggshell removal on the growth, development and reproduction. Moreover, label-free proteomics was employed to examine the differentially expressed proteins between the eggs of 0 h and 24 h. 【Results】 The eggshell of the 0-h egg was totally cracked and resulted in a loss of structural integrity of its contents, whereas the 24-h egg exhibited the development of a new endocuticle without any adverse effects on the survival rate of each developmental stage and fertility of adult females, at 90 s after sodium hypochlorite treatment. However, the 24-h eggs after removal of the eggshell were more sensitive to spirotetramat than the normal eggs. There were a total of 1 879 differentially expressed proteins between the 0-h and 24-h eggs of E. occidentalis, with 1 605 up-regulated proteins and 274 down-regulated proteins. Among the up-regulated proteins, five proteins were related to endocuticle formation including endocuticle structural glycoprotein SgAbd-8-like, endocuticle structural glycoprotein SgAbd-1-like, flexible cuticle protein 12-like, pupal cuticle protein 20-like, and endocuticle structural glycoprotein SgAbd-2-like in the 24-h eggs. Twelve up-regulated differentially expressed proteins were enriched in drug metabolism pathways. 【Conclusion】 There are differences in the eggshell structure between the 24-h and 0-h eggs, and new endocuticle formed beneath the eggshell of the 24-h eggs, further inhibiting the entry of spirotetramat into the egg and making different sensitivity between the 0-h and 24-h eggs, thereby supporting regular growth and development of F. occidentalis. Proteomic analysis result indicated that five cuticle proteins were significantly upregulated in the 24-h eggs compared with in the 0-h eggs. The up-regulation of these cuticle proteins may play a crucial role in the development of new endocuticle within the eggs. The results of this study provide novel insights into potential targets for the prevention and control of F. occidentalis.

Key words: Frankliniella occidentalis, spirotetramat, eggshell, two-sex life table, proteomics