关键词: 昆虫多样性, 城市化, 城市绿地, 栖息地破碎化, 环境污染, 人类干扰

Abstract: With the acceleration of urbanization, urban green spaces have become a critical interface for human interaction with nature. Insects, as a key component of urban ecosystems, play vital roles in pollination, decomposition and pest control. However, urbanization leads to habitat fragmentation, pollution and human disturbances, which significantly impact insect communities. In urban green spaces, different insect communities exhibit varied responses to urbanization: some communities experience a notable decline in diversity, while others with strong adaptive capabilities can thrive. Given the dual pressures of urbanization and climate change, there is an urgent need to systematically review the progress in urban insect studies. In this article, we analyzed the impacts of urbanization on the ecological functions of different insect groups in urban green spaces, and discussed how key factors such as habitat fragmentation, environmental pollution, microclimate changes and food resource reduction impact insect diversity, and the driving factors of the decline in insect diversity in urban green spaces. We also introduced the roles of emerging tools like remote sensing imagery, environmental DNA detection technology, and computer vision in intelligent monitoring and data sharing, and highlighted the recent progress and future challenges in insect research in urban green spaces. Current research is gradually shifting from traditional species diversity surveys toward identifying ecological functions, analyzing disturbance mechanisms and developing intelligent regulation strategies. It has systematically revealed the central roles of insects in urban ecological processes such as pollination interactions, organic matter decomposition and food web maintenance. Research has uncovered the nonlinear responses of insect diversity and functional groups to multiple environmental factors under urbanization, and has led to the preliminary establishment of an interdisciplinary framework integrating ecology, urban planning and information science. In conclusion, future research on urban insect diversity should focus on technological innovation, long-term monitoring and public participation. This will provide a scientific basis and technical support for protecting insect diversity, maintaining ecological balance and promoting sustainable urban development, ultimately supporting human health and enhancing urban quality of life.

Key words: Insect diversity, urbanization, urban green spaces, habitat fragmentation, environmental pollution, human disturbances