亚洲玉米螟雌蛾产卵偏好寄主植物的筛选及对葎草挥发性化学成分的电生理反应

doi:10.16380/j.kcxb.2018.02.009

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】鉴定亚洲玉米螟Ostrinia furnacalis雌蛾在寻找产卵寄主时起重要作用的植物挥发性化学物质，以探索亚洲玉米螟和寄主之间的化学通讯机制。【方法】首先利用田间产卵和风洞行为试验，从酸模叶蓼Polygonum lapathifolium、苘麻Abutilon theophrasti、葎草Humulus scandens、玉米Zea mays和稗草Echinochloa crusgalli 5种寄主植物中筛选出亚洲玉米螟雌蛾的产卵偏好寄主；并结合顶空吸附采样法，收集该寄主植物挥发性化学物质；再应用全二维气相色谱与飞行时间质谱联用系统（GC×GC-TOFMS）鉴定植物挥发性物质的化学成分及含量；最后利用气相色谱触角电位联用仪（GC-EAD）测定亚洲玉米螟雌蛾对提取物中化学成分的触角电位反应。【结果】田间产卵试验结果表明，亚洲玉米螟雌蛾在不同寄主植物上的落卵量依次为玉米>酸模叶蓼>葎草>稗草>苘麻。风洞行为试验结果表明，亚洲玉米螟雌蛾对葎草的产卵趋性显著高于其他寄主植物。GC×GC-TOFMS结果表明，葎草的植物挥发性化学物质主要成分有45种，其中，萜烯类相对含量高达86.29%，醛类、酮类和酯类相对含量合计仅占15.83%。GC-EAD结果显示，芳樟醇、α-葎草烯、桧烯、月桂烯、2-正戊基呋喃、壬醛、α-法呢烯、反式-罗勒烯和苯甲醛等9种挥发性物质能引起亚洲玉米螟雌蛾明显的电生理反应。【结论】亚洲玉米螟雌蛾对不同产卵寄主的选择具有显著差异性，寄主植物的理化因素是造成选择差异性的主要因素，葎草的植物挥发性化学物质对亚洲玉米螟有较强的吸引作用；芳樟醇、α-葎草烯、桧烯、月桂烯、2-正戊基呋喃、壬醛、α-法呢烯、反式-罗勒烯和苯甲醛9种挥发性化学物质对亚洲玉米螟产卵寄主的选择有重要作用。

关键词: 亚洲玉米螟, 植物挥发性物质, GC-EAD, GC×GC-TOFMS, 风洞行为反应

Abstract: 【Aim】 To explore the chemical communication mechanism between the Asian corn borer Ostrinia furnacalis and host plants by identifying the components of volatiles from host plants used by female adults of this insect in searching for oviposition sites. 【Methods】 The oviposition preference of O. furnacalis to host plants including Polygonum lapathifolium, Abutilon theophrasti, Humulus scandens, Zea mays and Echinochloa crusgalli was screened, respectively, in field oviposition test and indoor wind tunnel behavioral test. Headspace volatiles of host plants were collected, and the components and contents of physiologically-active volatiles were identified by using two-dimensional gas chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC×GC-TOFMS). The electroantennogram responses of O. furnacalis to the chemical components of the extract were tested by using coupled gas chromatography-electroantennographic detection (GC-EAD). 【Results】 The field oviposition test results showed that the number of eggs laid by female adults of O. furnacalis on different plants ranked as Z. mays>P. lapathifolium>H. scandens>E. crusgalli>A. theophrasti. In the wind tunnel bioassay, the adults showed an obvious oviposition preference to H. scandens. The GC×GC-TOFMS results showed that there were 45 volatile organic compounds from H. scandens, and the relative content of terpenoids was as high as 86.29% and that of aldehydes, ketones and esters in total was only 15.83%. Nine plant volatiles, i.e., linalool, α-caryophyllene, benzaldehyde, sabinene, myrcene, 2-pentylfuran, nonanal, α-farnesene, and trans-β-ocimene, caused significant GC-EAG reaction in female adults. 【Conclusion】 There are significant differences in oviposition preference of female adults of O. furnacalis to different hosts. The physical and chemical factors of host plants are the main factors affecting the host selection. O. furnacalis shows strong preference to the volatiles of H. scandens. Nine volatiles from H. scandens, including linalool, α-caryophyllene, benzaldehyde, sabinene, myrcene, 2-pentylfuran, nonanal, α-farnesene, and trans-β-ocimenemay, play important roles in oviposition host selection for the Asian corn borer.

Key words: Ostrinia furnacalis, volatile components, GC-EAD, GC×GC-TOFMS, wind tunnel

张文璐, 王文强, 白树雄, 张天涛, 何康来, 王振营. 亚洲玉米螟雌蛾产卵偏好寄主植物的筛选及对葎草挥发性化学成分的电生理反应[J]. , 2018, 61(2): 224-231.

ZHANG Wen-Lu, WANG Wen-Qiang, BAI Shu-Xiong, ZHANG Tian-Tao, HE Kang-Lai, WANG Zhen-Ying. Screening of host plants preferred for oviposition by female adults of Ostrinia furnacalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) and their electrophysiological responses to volatile components of Humulus scandens (Cannabaceae)[J]. , 2018, 61(2): 224-231.

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链接本文: http://www.insect.org.cn/CN/10.16380/j.kcxb.2018.02.009

http://www.insect.org.cn/CN/Y2018/V61/I2/224

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亚洲玉米螟雌蛾产卵偏好寄主植物的筛选及对葎草挥发性化学成分的电生理反应

Screening of host plants preferred for oviposition by female adults of Ostrinia furnacalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) and their electrophysiological responses to volatile components of Humulus scandens (Cannabaceae)

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