中国白星花金龟地理变异的几何形态学分析及其新疆种群的入侵来源推断

›› 2015, Vol. 58 ›› Issue (4): 408-418.

中国白星花金龟地理变异的几何形态学分析及其新疆种群的入侵来源推断

索中毅^1,2, 白明^2,*, 李莎², 杨海东^1,2, 李涛³, 马德英^1,*

（1. 新疆农业大学农学院, 农林有害生物监测与安全防控重点实验室, 乌鲁木齐 830052; 2. 中国科学院动物研究所, 中国科学院动物进化与系统学院重点实验室, 北京 100101; 3. 新疆生产建设兵团第十二师农业科学研究所, 乌鲁木齐 830088）

出版日期:2015-04-20 发布日期:2015-04-20
作者简介:索中毅, 男, 1987年4月生, 山西忻州人, 硕士研究生, 研究方向为农业害虫及其防治, E-mail: suozyi@163.com

A geometric morphometric analysis of the morphological variations among Chinese populations of Protaetia brevitarsis (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) with an inference of the invading source of its Xinjiang populations

SUO Zhong-Yi^1,2, BAI Ming^2,*, LI Sha², YANG Hai-Dong^1,2, LI Tao³, MA De-Ying^1,*

(1. Key Laboratory of the Pest Monitoring and Safety Control on Crop and Forest at Universities of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, College of Agronomy, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Xinjiang 830052, China; 2. Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; 3. Institute of Agricultural Sciences, The 12th Division of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Urumqi 830088, China)

Online:2015-04-20 Published:2015-04-20

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】定量比较中国及周边国家地区白星花金龟 Protaetia (Liocola) brevitarsis 不同地理种群的形态差异，重点探索新疆种群与其他地区种群间的形态差异，为植物保护和生产活动提供指导，丰富微进化理论。【方法】基于几何形态学的主成分分析（principal component analysis, PCA）和典型变量分析（canonical variate analysis, CVA）方法，对国内外30个地区共700头白星花金龟的鞘翅和前胸背板进行分析比较，研究白星花金龟不同地理种群的形态变异。【结果】白星花金龟前胸背板和鞘翅形态变异主成分分析中，新疆标本都明显聚在一起，但同时与新疆周边省份标本有部分重叠，与远离新疆省市有少部分重叠。新疆标本和南方地区种群标本明显分离。在各地区种群形态差异显著性检验中，基于马氏距离（Mahalanobis distance）和普氏距离（Procrustes distance）分析显示，新疆白星花金龟与远离新疆地区标本的前胸背板和鞘翅在马氏距离和普氏距离上均为显著性差异，而与其他地区标本的前胸背板和鞘翅的差异上，并非总是显著性差异。【结论】证实了前胸背板和鞘翅上的白斑可以作为白星花金龟地理种群变异的评价指标。就新疆白星花金龟而言，地理距离在一定程度上与形态距离相吻合。我们推测新疆白星花金龟是通过青海省北部以外的宁夏、内蒙古和甘肃三省入侵到新疆自治区，或者与上述三省该害虫的入侵来源一致。本研究所呈现的研究方式，在丰富微进化理论方面具有广阔的前景，且有望丰富分子生态地理学的研究内涵。

关键词: 白星花金龟, 几何形态测量, 主成分分析, 典型变量分析, 地理变异

Abstract: 【Aim】 The quantitative morphological differences of Protaetia (Liocola) brevitarsis from different geographical populations in China and the adjacent regions were compared. The morphological differences among the populations from Xinjiang and the adjacent regions were specially studied. The results can provide guidance for plant protection and production activities. Furthermore, this study will shed new light on microevolution theory. 【Methods】 The morphology of the pronotum and elytra of P. (L.) brevitarsis was studied based on 700 individuals from 30 regions of China using geometric morphometrics approaches. The geographical variations on morphology were analyzed based on principal component analysis (PCA) and canonical variate analysis (CVA). 【Results】 The specimens of P. (L.) brevitarsis from Xinjiang obviously clustered together in the PCA results of pronotum and elytra. There were some morphological overlapping between the specimens from Xinjiang and those from the adjacent areas, while there were little morphological overlapping between the specimens from Xinjiang and those from the areas far from Xinjiang. Additionally, the specimens from Xinjiang and those from south China were obviously separated in morphology. The significance testing for the morphological differences among the populations from different regions based on the Mahalanobis distance and Procrustes distance proved that there were significant differences between the specimens from Xinjiang and those from the areas far from Xinjiang in morphology. At the same time, there were no significant differences between the specimens from Xinjiang and those from other areas in Mahalanobis distance and Procrustes distance. 【Conclusion】 This study proved that the white spot on the pronotum and elytra can be a sound evaluation criteria for geographical variations of P. (L.) brevitarsis . The geographical distance is related to the morphological distance in a certain degree. We assumed that P. (L.) brevitarsis possibly invaded Xinjiang from Ningxia, Inner Mongolia and Gansu outside the north border of Qinghai, and the source of P. brevitarsis invading Xinjiang is the same with that invading these three provinces. This study demonstrated a research model which may have a broad prospect to enrich the microevolution theory and molecular ecology research.

Key words: Protaetia brevitarsis, geometric morphometrics, principal component analysis (PCA), canonical variate analysis (CVA), geographic variation

索中毅, 白明, 李莎, 杨海东, 李涛, 马德英. 中国白星花金龟地理变异的几何形态学分析及其新疆种群的入侵来源推断[J]. , 2015, 58(4): 408-418.

SUO Zhong-Yi, BAI Ming, LI Sha, YANG Hai-Dong, LI Tao, MA De-Ying. A geometric morphometric analysis of the morphological variations among Chinese populations of Protaetia brevitarsis (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) with an inference of the invading source of its Xinjiang populations[J]. , 2015, 58(4): 408-418.

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