防御性被捕食者可利用量的波动可调节六斑月瓢虫的功能反应曲线(英文)

doi:10.16380/j.kcxb.2017.09.007

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】本研究评价了在被捕食者波动条件下，在花生蚜Aphis craccivora Koch 和萝卜蚜Lipaphis erysimi (Kaltenbach)上六斑月瓢虫Menochilus sexmaculatus (Fabricius)4龄幼虫的功能反应。萝卜蚜是一种含烯丙基异硫氰酸酯的防御性被捕食者。我们推测，在试验的被捕食者条件下，在最适量被捕食者或丰富的被捕食者条件下饲养的幼虫比在缺乏被捕食者条件下饲养的幼虫表现出更好的功能反应。而在萝卜蚜上六斑月瓢虫的功能反应曲线的斜率比在花生蚜上要低。【方法】将六斑月瓢虫4龄幼虫从饲养条件（缺乏被捕食者/最适乏被捕食者/丰富的被捕食者）突然转移到不同的试验条件（极为缺乏被捕食者/缺乏被捕食者/次适量被捕食者/最适量被捕食者/丰富的被捕食者）下，外推出其功能曲线。【结果】尽管被捕食资源发生了改变，但是六斑月瓢虫4龄幼虫在花生蚜上表现出Ⅱ型反应，而在萝卜蚜上表现出改变的Ⅱ型反应。此外，在5个试验条件下，不管是哪种被捕食者，在最适量被捕食者/丰富的被捕食者条件下饲养的4龄幼虫均表现出正常的捕食率。但是在缺乏被捕食者条件下饲养的4龄幼虫突然转变到最适量/丰富的被捕食者实验条件下时，它们通过取食比平时更多的被捕食者的生物量来补偿食物的短缺。不过，它们在丰富的被捕食者条件下的取食量最高，在极为缺乏被捕食者的试验条件下的取食量最低。而且，在花生蚜上记录到较高的攻击率和较低的猎物处理时间。【结论】结果说明，萝卜蚜可利用量的波动可改变六斑月瓢虫幼虫的功能反应。然而，对于六斑月瓢虫而言，花生蚜比萝卜蚜是更为合适的被捕食者。

关键词: 瓢虫, 蚜虫, 生物防治, 功能反应, 资源波动

Abstract: 【Aim】 In the present study, we assessed the functional response of the 4th instar larvae of a coccinellid species, Menochilus sexmaculatus (Fabricius) on aphid species, Aphis craccivora Koch and Lipaphis erysimi (Kaltenbach) under prey fluctuating conditions. L. erysimi is a defended prey that contains allyl isothiocyanates. We hypothesized that under experimental prey conditions, larvae reared on optimal/abundant prey would show better functional response than scarce prey reared larvae. But the slope of the functional response curves would be lower on L. erysimi than on A. craccivora. 【Methods】 The 4th instar larvae of M. sexmaculatus were abruptly shifted from their rearing conditions (viz. scarce/optimal/abundant prey) to different experimental conditions (i.e., extremely scarce/scarce/sub-optimal/optimal/abundant prey) and their functional response curves were extrapolated. 【Results】 The results revealed that despite prey resource fluctuations, the 4th instar larvae of M. sexmaculatus exhibited the type-II response on A. craccivora, but a modified type-II response on L. erysimi. Further, irrespective of prey species, the 4th instar larvae that were reared on optimal/abundant prey exhibited normal predation rates under five experimental conditions. But, the 4th instar larvae reared on scarce prey compensated for a shortage of food by consuming higher prey biomass than usual when suddenly switched over to the optimal/abundant prey experimental conditions. However, they exhibited the highest prey consumption on abundant prey and the lowest on extremely scarce prey experimental conditions. Moreover, higher attack rate but lower prey handling time on A. craccivora were recorded. 【Conclusion】Our results suggest that fluctuations in the availability of L. erysimi may modify the functional response curves of M. sexmaculatus larvae. However, A. craccivora is more suitable as a prey for M. sexmaculatus than L. erysimi.

Key words: Ladybird, aphid, biocontrol, functional response, resource fluctuation

Priya PATEL, Bhupendra KUMAR, Dinesh KUMAR. 防御性被捕食者可利用量的波动可调节六斑月瓢虫的功能反应曲线(英文)[J]. , 2017, 60(9): 1031-1040.

Priya PATEL, Bhupendra KUMAR, Dinesh KUMAR. Fluctuations in defended prey availability modulatethe functional response curves of Menochilus sexmaculatus (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) (In English) [J]. , 2017, 60(9): 1031-1040.

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链接本文: http://www.insect.org.cn/CN/10.16380/j.kcxb.2017.09.007

http://www.insect.org.cn/CN/Y2017/V60/I9/1031

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防御性被捕食者可利用量的波动可调节六斑月瓢虫的功能反应曲线(英文)

Fluctuations in defended prey availability modulatethe functional response curves of Menochilus sexmaculatus (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) (In English)

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