昆虫病原线虫Heterorhabditis beicherriana LF品系与Bt HBF-18菌株混用对华北大黑鳃金龟幼虫的防治效果

doi:10.16380/j.kcxb.2019.05.009

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】明确昆虫病原线虫Heterorhabditis beicherriana LF品系(LF)与苏云金芽孢杆菌Bacillus thuringiensis HBF-18菌株(Bt HBF-18)混用后对华北大黑鳃金龟Holotrichia oblita幼虫的致病力的协同增效作用，为该害虫的防治提供新的技术措施。【方法】在室内测定了LF在不同使用剂量、不同环境温度及不同土壤湿度条件下对华北大黑鳃金龟7-10日龄幼虫的致病力；通过室内生测测定了Bt HBF-18对LF存活的影响，以及Bt HBF-18与LF两者混用后对7-10日龄华北大黑鳃金龟幼虫的防治效果；同时通过室外盆栽试验测定了两者混用对华北大黑鳃金龟幼虫的防治效果。【结果】华北大黑鳃金龟幼虫死亡率随LF施用剂量和处理时间的增加而升高，其中，侵染期线虫(infective juveniles, IJs)800 IJs/100 μL及以上剂量处理7 d后幼虫死亡率达到了100%；25℃为该线虫侵染的最适宜环境温度；适宜土壤湿度范围为14%~20%，湿度过低或过高都会显著影响其侵染效率。室内生测结果表明， Bt HBF-18处理9 d对华北大黑鳃金龟幼虫的致死中浓度(LC50)为1.44×10⁸CFU/g土，此浓度对LF的存活基本没有影响。另外，室内生测和室外盆栽试验结果均表明，将LF与Bt HBF-18混用能显著提高对华北大黑鳃金龟幼虫的防治效果，混用后具有不同程度的加成或协同增效作用。室内生测试验中LC₅₀ Bt+200 IJs/100 μL LF混用处理3 d后，较单独LF和Bt HBF-18处理幼虫死亡率分别提高了约43.07%和36.05%，具有显著的协同增效作用；室外盆栽试验中1/2 LC₅₀Bt+1 000 IJs/mL LF, LC₅₀Bt+1 000 IJs/mL LF和1/2 LC₅₀ Bt+1 500 IJs/mL LF均具有协同增效作用，其中1/2 LC₅₀ Bt+1 500 IJs/mL LF增效作用最佳，较单独LF和Bt HBF-18处理幼虫死亡率分别提高了约38.89%和80.55%。【结论】将昆虫病原线虫LF与Bt HBF-18混用对华北大黑鳃金龟幼虫的防治具有加成或协同增效作用。

关键词: 昆虫病原线虫, Heterorhabditis beicherriana LF品系, 苏云金芽孢杆菌HBF-18菌株, 华北大黑鳃金龟, 协同增效

Abstract: 【Aim】 This study aims to assess the possible synergistic effect of combined application of the entomopathogenic nematode Heterorhabditis beicherriana strain LF (LF) and Bacillus thuringiensis strain HBF-18 (Bt HBF-18) based on their pathogenicity to Holotrichia oblita larvae, so as to develop a new alternative method for white grub control. 【Methods】 The pathogenicity of LF at different doses to the 7-10-day-old larvae of H. oblita were investigated at different temperatures and soil moistures in the laboratory. The effects of Bt HBF-18 on the survival of LF, and the bioefficacy of the combined application of nematodes and Bt against the 7-10-day-old larvae of H. oblita were also investigated in the laboratory. At the same time, the bioefficacy of the combined application of LF and Bt HBF-18 against the 7-10-day-old larvae of H. oblita was investigated with outdoor pot experiments. 【Results】 The results showed that the larval mortality of H. oblita increased with the increase of the application dosage of LF and the treatment duration, with the larval mortality rate reaching 100% at 7 d after treatment with LF at the dosage of 800 IJs/100 μL and above. Moreover, 25℃ temperature and 14%－20% soil moisture were proved to be the ideal conditions for the best infection efficiency of LF, and too low or too high humidity significantly affected its infection efficiency. Laboratory bioassays showed that the LC₅₀ of Bt HBF-18 against H. oblita larvae after treatment for 9 d was 1.44×10⁸ CFU/g soil, and at this concentration Bt HBF-18 showed little effect on the survival of LF. In addition, both the indoor bioassay and outdoor pot experiment revealed that the combined application of LF and Bt HBF-18 could significantly improve their bioefficacy against H. oblita larvae, showing additive or synergistic effect. Indoor bioassay showed that the larval mortality rates in the treatment with LC₅₀Bt+200 IJs/100 μL LF for 3 d were increased by about 43.07% and 36.05%, respectively, as compared with that in LF or Bt HBF-18 applied alone, indicating that the combined application of LF and Bt HBF-18 has signi_ficant synergistic effect against H. oblita larvae. Treatments with 1/2 LC₅₀Bt+1 000 IJs/mL LF, LC₅₀Bt+1 000 IJs/mL LF and 1/2 LC₅₀Bt+1 500 IJs/mL LF in the outdoor pot experiment showed synergistic effect against H. oblita larvae, and 1/2 LC₅₀Bt+1 500 IJs/mL LF showed the best effect, with the mortality of H. oblita larvae increased by about 38.89% and 80.55%, respectively, as compared with that in LF or Bt HBF-18 applied alone. 【Conclusion】 Overall, the interaction between the entomopathogenic nematode LF and Bt HBF-18 against the larvae of H. oblita is either additive or synergistic.

Key words: Entomopathogenic nematode; Heterorhabditis beicherriana strain LF, Bacillus thuringiensis strain HBF-18, Holotrichia oblita, synergistic effect

李而涛, 曹雅忠, 张帅, 李克斌, 李建一, 王庆雷, 刘春琴, 尹姣. 昆虫病原线虫Heterorhabditis beicherriana LF品系与Bt HBF-18菌株混用对华北大黑鳃金龟幼虫的防治效果[J]. 昆虫学报, 2019, 62(5): 602-614.

LI Er-Tao, CAO Ya-Zhong, ZHANG Shuai, LI Ke-Bin, LI Jian-Yi, WANG Qing-Lei, LIU Chun-Qin, YIN Jiao. Bioefficacy of the combined application of entomopathogenic nematode Heterorhabditis beicherriana strain LF and Bacillus thuringiensis strain HBF-18 against Holotrichia oblita (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) larvae[J]. Acta Entomologica Sinica, 2019, 62(5): 602-614.

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昆虫病原线虫Heterorhabditis beicherriana LF品系与Bt HBF-18菌株混用对华北大黑鳃金龟幼虫的防治效果

Bioefficacy of the combined application of entomopathogenic nematode Heterorhabditis beicherriana strain LF and Bacillus thuringiensis strain HBF-18 against Holotrichia oblita (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) larvae

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