昆虫学报 ›› 2016, Vol. 59 ›› Issue (3): 328-336.doi: 10.16380/j.kcxb.2016.03.010

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

二斑叶螨对不同品种茄子的选择性与适合度

金桂华1, 宫亚军1, 潜宗伟2, 朱亮1, 王泽华1, 陈金翠1, 魏书军1,*   

  1. (1. 北京市农林科学院植物保护环境保护研究所, 北京 100097; 2. 北京市农林科学院蔬菜研究中心, 北京 100097)
  • 出版日期:2016-03-20 发布日期:2016-03-20
  • 作者简介:金桂华, 女, 1981年11月生, 河北保定人, 硕士, 农艺师, 研究方向为昆虫生物学, E-mail: guihuaj2005@163.com

Selectivity and fitness of the two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae (Acarina: Tetranychidae) to different varieties of eggplant

JIN Gui-Hua1, GONG Ya-Jun1, QIAN Zong-Wei2, ZHU Liang1, WANG Ze-Hua1, CHEN Jin-Cui1, WEI Shu-Jun1,*   

  1. (1. Institute of Plant and Environmental Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China; 2. Beijing Vegetable Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China)
  • Online:2016-03-20 Published:2016-03-20

摘要: 【目的】为明确二斑叶螨 Tetranychus urticae Koch对不同品种茄子的选择性与适合度。【方法】 通过二斑叶螨对不同品种茄子的田间选择性试验以及在室内不同品种茄子对二斑叶螨种群数量、个体生长发育和繁殖的影响试验,分析了二斑叶螨对9个茄子栽培品种和1个野生茄子品种的寄主选择性,以及在不同品种上的种群动态、发育历期和繁殖力。【结果】 二斑叶螨对野生品种蒜芥茄 Solanum sisymbriifolium 的选择性最差,在该品种上除卵可以正常孵化外其他时期均不能存活。在茄子S. melongena 品种间,二斑叶螨对京茄6号和日友长直壮青长茄的选择性最强,分别达到195和183头/株,对布利塔和长竹丝茄的选择性最差,分别为63.5和59.75头/株。接入20对成螨后第28天,紫龙王4号上的数量最多(1 009头/株),京茄6号和嫁接的京茄6号上的数量次之(分别为981和909头/株)。二斑叶螨在京茄6号上的发育历期最短,为9.31 d;在长丰2号上发育历期最长,为11.08 d。京茄6号、京茄黑霸和嫁接的京茄6号上二斑叶螨开始产卵的前5 d内单雌产卵量分别为35.92, 33.20和31.34粒/头,是产卵量较多的3个品种,且3个品种之间差异不显著;紫龙王4号、茄砧1号、布利塔和长丰2号上的产卵量较少,分别为18.56,19.24,22.26和23.36粒/头,且4个品种之间差异不显著。【结论】 二斑叶螨对紫黑圆茄类的京茄6号的选择性较强、适合度较高,对紫黑长茄布利塔的选择性和适合度为中等,对野生品种蒜芥茄的选择性和适合度表现为最差

关键词: 二斑叶螨, 茄子, 品种, 选择性, 适合度, 发育历期, 繁殖力

Abstract: 【Aim】 The objective of this research is to evaluate the selectivity and fitness of the two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae to different varieties of eggplant. 【Methods】 Using nine cultivars and one wild species of eggplant, the host selectivity was tested by selection experiment in field, while the effect of different varieties on colonization, population dynamics, developmental duration and fecundity of T. urticaewas investigated in laboratory. 【Results】 The results showed that T. urticae had the lowest selectivity to the wild species Solanum sisymbriifolium. All stages of T. urticae except for the egg stage could not survive on the wild species S. sisymbriifolium. Amongst the varieties of S. melongena, T. urticaeshowed the highest selectivity to Jingqie 6 and Riyouchangzhizhuangqingchangqie with a number of 195 and 183 individuals/plant, respectively, but showed the lowest selectivity to Bulita and Changzhusiqie. At 28 d after inoculation with 20 pairs of male and female adults of T. urticae, the number of mites on Zilongwang 4 (1 009 individuals/plant) was the highest, followed by Jingqie 6 (981 individuals/plant) and Grafted Jingqie 6 (909 individuals/plant). T. urticae had the shortest developmental duration on Jingqie 6 (9.31 d), but had the longest developmental duration on Changfeng 2 (11.08 d). Fecundity of female adults in the first 5 egg-laying days was higher on Jingqie 6, Jingqieheiba and Grafted Jingqie 6 (35.92, 33.20 and 31.34 eggs laid per female, respectively) with no significant difference among these three cultivars, while was lower on Zilongwang 4, Qiezhen 1, Bulita and Changfeng 2 (18.56, 19.24, 23.36 and 22.26 eggs laid per female, respectively) with no significant difference among these four cultivars. 【Conclusion】 Selectivity and fitness of the T. urticae  are high to the purple round type eggplant Jingqie 6, moderate to the purple long type eggplant Bulita, and low to the wild type eggplant Suanjieqie.

Key words: Tetranychus urticae, Solanum melongena, variety, selectivity, fitness, developmental duration, fecundity