›› 2018, Vol. 61 ›› Issue (2): 218-223.doi: 10.16380/j.kcxb.2018.02.008

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

氟胺氰菊酯对西方蜜蜂育王质量的影响

廖春华, 张波, 史晶亮, 吴小波*   

  1. (江西农业大学蜜蜂研究所, 南昌 330045)
  • 出版日期:2018-02-20 发布日期:2018-02-20

Effects of fluvalinate on the quality of reared queens of the western honey bee, Apis mellifera (Hymenoptera: Apidae)

LIAO Chun-Hua, ZHANG Bo, SHI Jing-Liang, WU Xiao-Bo*   

  1. (Honeybee Research Institute, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China)
  • Online:2018-02-20 Published:2018-02-20

摘要: 【目的】本实验旨在研究3个低浓度氟胺氰菊酯对西方蜜蜂Apis mellifera育王质量的影响。【方法】控制蜂王产卵8 h,孵化后进行人工育王,从移虫第2天起每天用微量进样器分别给王台中小幼虫饲喂2 μL含有0.05, 0.5和5 mg/kg氟胺氰菊酯的糖水, 以饲喂纯糖水作为对照组并进行标记。连续饲喂3 d后,记录王台的封盖数,待蜂王出房时,统计出房数,测其初生重、胸宽;利用实时荧光定量PCR(qPCR)方法检测蜂王卵巢中卵黄蛋白原基因(Vg)、储存蛋白基因(hex110和hex70b)的相对表达量。【结果】5 mg/kg氟胺氰菊酯处理组王台封盖率显著低于0.05和0.5 mg/kg剂量组及对照组,但后3组之间差异不显著;5 mg/kg和0.5 mg/kg剂量组蜂王出房率显著低于0.05 mg/kg剂量组及对照组;4个试验组之间蜂王初生重及胸宽差异不显著。qPCR结果显示,5 mg/kg剂量组蜂王卵巢中Vghex110基因的相对表达量均显著低于0.05和0.5 mg/kg剂量组及对照组,但后3组之间差异不显著;0.5 mg/kg剂量组和5 mg/kg剂量组蜂王卵巢hex70b基因相对表达量显著低于对照组,但0.05 mg/kg剂量组蜂王卵巢hex70b基因相对表达量与0.5 和5 mg/kg剂量组及对照组均差异不显著。【结论】本研究结果说明,食物中氟胺氰菊酯含量超过0.5 mg/kg时,会影响西方蜜蜂育王培育质量。

关键词: 西方蜜蜂, 人工育王, 氟胺氰菊酯, 卵巢, 基因表达

Abstract: 【Aim】 This study aims to determine the effects of three low doses of fluvalinate on the quality of reared queens of the western honey bee, Apis mellifera. 【Methods】 Queens were caged to lay eggs for 8 h. The larvae hatched from those eggs were transplanted into queen cells for queen rearing, and fed with 2 μL syrup containing different concentrations of fluvalinate (0, 0.05, 0.5 and 5 mg/kg) since the 2nd day of larval stage using a micro sampling syringe injector. The numbers of capped queen cells after feeding for three days and emerged queens in the four groups were recorded, and the birth weight and thorax width of newly emerged queens were also measured. The expression levels of three genes (Vg, hex110 and hex70b) in queen ovaries were also assayed by quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR). 【Results】 The results showed that the proportion of capped queen cells with larvae in the 5 mg/kg fluvalinate group was significantly lower than those in the 0.05 mg/kg fluvalinate group, 0.5 mg/kg fluvalinate group and the control group (0 mg/kg fluvalinate), while there was no significant difference among the latter three groups. The emergence rates of reared queens in the 0.5 mg/kg fluvalinate group and 5 mg/kg fluvalinate group were significantly lower than those in the 0.05 mg/kg fluvalinate group and the control group. There was no significant difference in the birth weight and thorax width of reared queens among the four experimental groups. The results of qPCR analysis indicated that the relative expression level of Vg and hex110 in the ovary of queens reared in the 5 mg/kg fluvalinate group were significantly lower than those reared in the 0.05 mg/kg fluvalinate group, 0.5 mg/kg fluvalinate group and the control group, while there was no significant difference among the latter three groups. The relative expression levels of hex70b gene in the ovary of queens reared in the 5 mg/kg fluvalinate group and 0.5 mg/kg fluvalinate group were significantly lower than that reared in the control group, while the relative expression level of hex70b in the ovary of queens reared in the 0.05 mg/kg fluvalinate group was not significantly different from those in the other three groups. 【Conclusion】 The results indicate that the quality of reared queens of A. mellifera will be affected when the residue of fluvalinate in their food exceeds 0.5 mg/kg.

Key words: Apis mellifera, queen rearing, fluvalinate, ovary, gene expression