›› 2018, Vol. 61 ›› Issue (5): 604-612.doi: 10.16380/j.kcxb.2018.05.010

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

管氏肿腿蜂的交配行为

罗丽林, 李莉*   

  1. (贵州师范大学生命科学学院, 贵阳 550025)
  • 出版日期:2018-05-20 发布日期:2018-05-20

Mating behavior of Sclerodermus guani (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae)

LUO Li-Lin, LI Li*   

  1.  (School of Life Sciences, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550025, China)
  • Online:2018-05-20 Published:2018-05-20

摘要: 【目的】半社会性体外寄生蜂管氏肿腿蜂Sclerodermus guani Xiao et Wu喜寄生于一些隐匿独栖(树干或木材)的钻蛀性昆虫,雌、雄个体高效地搜索配偶及交配策略是其种群定殖和扩散的关键。本研究记录了管氏肿腿蜂成虫交配行为的过程,分析、总结了其交配行为的特点。【方法】联合使用体视解剖镜、摄像机和昆虫行为跟踪仪3种仪器,在室内环境条件下系统观察了管氏肿腿蜂(雌雄比为1∶1)的交配行为,对比分析雌雄蜂在整个交配过程中的行为表现、时间分配和速度变化等特点。【结果】管氏肿腿蜂的交配过程可分为交配前、交配中和交配后3个阶段,包括触角拍击、骑上雌蜂、游走、探测和交配一系列步骤。交配前,雄蜂在培养皿内快速游走,用触角接触和拍击雌蜂,用口器接触雌蜂;骑上雌蜂后,雄蜂在雌蜂体表游走,并仍以触角拍击和口器接触雌蜂,而雌蜂则头朝下保持静止状态;雌雄蜂交配前约历时653.617±54.160 s(平均值±SE )。交配中,雄蜂的生殖器与雌蜂结合进行交配,雄蜂前足基部呈45°搭在雌蜂腹部前端,中足和后足抱住雌蜂腹部末端,交配平均历时43.567±7.120 s。交配后,雄蜂离开示意交配结束,雌蜂仍保持静息状态(长达约172 s)。此外,雌雄蜂均行多次交配,且随交配次数增加,交配历时先增加后逐渐减少。雌、雄蜂交配行为表现为先减速后加速,在交配前、交配中和交配后雌、雄蜂行为活动的平均速度分别为3.111, 0.595和1.016 cm/s及2.754, 0.895和1.314 cm/s。【结论】管氏肿腿蜂雄蜂在交配过程中较活跃,暗示其在配偶搜索、识别和选择中处于主导地位。研究结果可为该蜂室内扩繁、野外释放及复壮等生物防治技术提供理论依据。
 

关键词: 管氏肿腿蜂, 交配行为, 交配次数, 交配历时, 平均速度, 加速度

Abstract:  【Aim】 The semiectoparasitoid Sclerodermus guani tends to parasitize solitary wood-boring insects in concealed habitat (trunk or seed). Effective mating tactics are critical for population colonization and expansion of S. guani. This study aims to explore the mating behavior of S. guani and to unveil its mating tactics. 【Methods】 The mating process of both male and female adults of S. guani (♀∶♂=1∶1) was recorded with dissecting microscope, video camera and insect behavior tracker in the laboratory, and the differences in behavior performance, time allocation and speed of mating between female and male adults during the whole mating process were compared. 【Results】 The mating process of S. guani adults can be divided into three phases, i.e., pre-copulation, copulation and post-copulation, and the mating behavior shows a series of characteristic procedures including antennal drumming, mounting females, walking on the back of females, probing and copulation. In the pre-copulation phase, males walk around quickly, touch and drum females by antennae, and touch females by mouthpart. After mounting females, males walk on the back of females and still keep tapping females with antennae or touching with mouthpart. Females always keep a stereotypical posture of being stationary with head down. The total lasting time for the pre-copulation phase was about 653.617±54.160 s (mean±SE). During copulation, males insert their aedeagi, their forelegs incline to the front-end of abdomens of females at an angle of 45°, while their mid legs and hind legs hold the abdomens of females, and the mating duration was about 43.567±7.120 s. In the post-copulation phase, males signal the end of copulation by dismounting and moving away from the copulation site while females keep immobile for approximately 172 s. Both male and female adults exhibit multiple mating behaviors in the whole mating process. With the increasing of mating frequency, the mating duration increases at first and then decreases. In the whole mating process, the mating behavior of male and female adults is first decelerated and then accelerated. The mean mating velocities of S. guani in precopulation, copulation and post-copulation were 3.111, 0.595 and 1.016 cm/s for female adults and 2.754, 0.895 and 1.314 cm/s for male adults, respectively. 【Conclusion】 Male adults of S. guani behave actively during the mating process, suggesting that they play leading roles in spouse search, recognition and selection. The results of this study provide the theoretical basis for artificial reproduction, release and population rejuvenation of S. guani in the field.

Key words: Sclerodermus guani, mating behavior, mating frequency, mating duration, mean velocity, acceleration