昆虫,物种多样性,群落,时间动态,苔原带,长白山," /> 昆虫,物种多样性,群落,时间动态,苔原带,长白山,"/> <p class="MsoNormal"> <span style="font-family:宋体;">长白山苔原带昆虫群落组成与时间动态</span>

昆虫学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 62 ›› Issue (2): 233-240.doi: 10.16380/j.kcxb.2019.02.010

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

长白山苔原带昆虫群落组成与时间动态

刘生冬, 孟昕, 尚军烨, 杨明玥, 孟庆繁*, 高文韬, 王戈戎   

  1.   (北华大学林学院, 吉林吉林 132013)
  • 出版日期:2019-02-20 发布日期:2019-02-28

Composition and temporal dynamics of insect community in the tundra zone in ChangbaiMountains,Northeast China

LIU Sheng-Dong, MENG Xin, SHANG Jun-Ye, YANG Ming-Yue, MENG Qing-Fan*, GAO Wen-Tao, WANG Ge-Rong   

  1.  (ForestryCollege,Beihua University,Jilin,Jilin132013,China)

  • Online:2019-02-20 Published:2019-02-28

摘要:

【目的】苔原是一种极地景观类型,本研究调查了长白山苔原带昆虫的物种组成与时间动态,以期为苔原带昆虫保护以及昆虫与苔原植物协同进化研究提供基础依据。【方法】2005-2007年每年6-9月,在长白山北坡、西坡苔原带利用网捕、灯诱、巴氏罐法采集昆虫标本。【结果】2005-2007年从长白山苔原带共获得昆虫标本4 634头,隶属于11105550种,其中鳞翅目、鞘翅目、膜翅目、双翅目的种类和个体数量较为丰富,这4个类群的物种数与个体数的最高峰都出现在7月份。对应分析显示,鳞翅目昆虫对7月份,鞘翅目昆虫对89月,膜翅目和双翅目昆虫对6月的适应性较强。苔原带7月份昆虫的物种数(382)、个体数(2 571个个体)和多样性指数(4.673)都最高,物种数和个体数在9月份最低,仅22265个个体。不同月份昆虫的物种数与个体数之间呈显著正相关(R=0.992)。不同月份间昆虫的相似性低(相似性系数<0.20)。【结论】长白山苔原带昆虫多样性较低,7月为昆虫的活跃高峰期,9月昆虫的个体数和物种数均较少。鳞翅目昆虫的物种最丰富,对7月份气侯的适应性相对较强,鞘翅目对季节变化的适应能力强于其他类群,在维持苔原带生态平衡中起着重要作用。

关键词: 昆虫')">昆虫, 物种多样性')">物种多样性, 群落')">群落, 时间动态')">时间动态, 苔原带')">苔原带, 长白山')">长白山

Abstract: Aim Tundra is a polar natural landscape. The species composition and temporal dynamics of insects were investigated in the tundra zone inChangbaiMountains,Northeast Chinafor providing a basis for the protection of insects and the research of co-evolution of insects and plants in tundra. Methods During 2005-2007, insect individuals were collected in the west and north slopes within the tundra zone in Changbai Mountains by using the net, lamp and pitfall methods from June to September in each year. Results In total, 4 634 specimens belonging to 550 species of 105 families of 11 orders were collected in the tundra zone in Changbai Mountains during 2005-2007. The species numbers and individual numbers of Lepidoptera, Coleoptera, Hymenoptera and Diptera were dominant, and their peaks occurred in July. The correspondence analysis showed that Lepidoptera was more adaptable to July, Coleoptera was more adaptable to August and September, and Hymenoptera and Diptera were more adaptable to June, respectively. The species number (382), individual number (2 571) and diversity index (4.673) of insects were the highest in July in tundra, while the species number and the individual number were the lowest in September, with only 22 species and 265 individuals. The species number and the individual number of insects in tundra were significantly positively correlated (R=0.992). The similarity of insects was very low between different months, with the similarity coefficient lower than 0.20. Conclusion The diversity of insects is low in the tundra zone in Changbai Mountains. The occurrence peak of insects is in July, and the individual number and the species number are the least in September. The species richness of Lepidoptera is the highest in the tundra, and Lepidoptera shows relatively strong adaptability to July with better environmental conditions. The Coleoptera insects adapt to environmental changes better than other groups and play an important role in maintaining the ecological balance of the tundra zone.

Key words: Insect, species diversity, community, temporal dynamics, tundra zone;ChangbaiMountains