昆虫学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 65 ›› Issue (2): 208-217.doi: 10.16380/j.kcxb.2022.02.009

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

农田景观格局对南疆枣园传粉昆虫群落多样性的影响

李浩1,2,#, 潘云飞2,#, 杨龙2, 宋博文1,2, 李倩2, 王兰1,*, 陆宴辉2,*   

  1. (1. 塔里木大学, 南疆农业有害生物综合治理兵团重点实验室, 南疆特色果树高效优质栽培与深加工技术国家地方联合工程实验室,
    新疆阿拉尔 843300; 2. 中国农业科学院植物保护研究所, 植物病虫害生物学国家重点实验室, 北京 100193)
  • 出版日期:2022-02-20 发布日期:2022-01-28

Effects of landscape pattern on the community diversity of insect pollinators in jujube orchards in southern Xinjiang, northwestern China

LI Hao1,2,#, PAN Yun-Fei2,#, YANG Long2, SONG Bo-Wen1,2, LI Qian2, WANG Lan1,*, LU Yan-Hui2,*   

  1. (1. Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps in Comprehensive Agricultural Pest Management in Southern Xinjiang, The National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of High Efficiency and Superior-Quality Cultivation and Fruit Deep Processing Technology of Characteristic Fruit Trees in Southern Xinjiang, Tarim University, Alar, Xinjiang 843300, China; 2. State Key Laboratory of Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China)
  • Online:2022-02-20 Published:2022-01-28

摘要: 【目的】明确新疆南疆地区农田景观格局对枣园传粉昆虫群落多样性的影响。【方法】2019和2020年在新疆阿克苏地区共选取29个试验站点,通过陷阱诱集法获取中心枣园内传粉昆虫多样性数据,调查中心枣园周围半径2 000 m范围内土地使用信息,建立枣园传粉昆虫群落指数与景观变量之间的线性混合模型,使用基于赤池信息准则的多模型推论方法解析了景观变量对传粉昆虫群落指数的影响。【结果】2019和2020年南疆地区枣园周边500, 1 000, 1 500和2 000 m景观尺度范围内其他果园(苹果、核桃和梨等)和半自然生境(树篱、休耕地等)比例与枣园中传粉昆虫多度呈显著负相关。在500和1 000 m尺度内,小宗作物(小麦等)种植比例与枣园传粉昆虫物种丰富度呈正相关关系;1 000 m尺度范围内传粉昆虫物种丰富度随着边缘密度的增加而增加。各景观变量对枣园传粉昆虫群落多样性无显著影响。【结论】在南疆地区,枣园传粉昆虫多度主要受周边其他果树与半自然生境比例的稀释作用影响而降低,而小宗作物种植比例可促进传粉昆虫物种丰富度增加。因此,农田景观格局对新疆荒漠绿洲过渡带农田生态系统中传粉昆虫种群发生产生了明显影响,这为南疆地区传粉昆虫的种群保育及传粉服务功能提升提供了科学依据。

关键词: 景观格局, 传粉昆虫, 群落多样性, 生境类型, 传粉服务功能

Abstract: 【Aim】To elucidate the effects of landscape pattern on the community diversity of insect pollinators in jujube orchard in southern Xinjiang, northwestern China.【Methods】A total of 29 sites were selected in Aksu, Xinjiang in 2019 and 2020, the diversity data of insect pollinators in focal jujube orchards were obtained by pan traps, and land use information within a radius of 2 000 m around focal jujube orchards was investigated. We built the linear mixed models with landscape variables and insect pollinator community index to elucidate the effect of landscape variables on insect pollinator community index in jujube orchard using multi-model inference technology based on Akaikes’ information criterion. 【Results】The proportion of other orchards (apple, walnut, pear, etc.) and semi-nature habitats (hedgerow, fallow, etc.) surrounding jujube orchards in southern Xinjiang in 2019 and 2020 were significantly negatively correlated with the abundance of insect pollinators in jujube orchards, across four scales (500, 1 000, 1 500 and 2 000 m). At the scales of 500 and 1 000 m, there was a positive correlation between the proportion of secondary crops (wheat etc.) and the species richness of insect pollinators in jujube orchards. The species richness of insect pollinators increased with edge density within the 1 000 m buffer. Landscape variables had no significant effect on the community diversity of insect pollinators in jujube orchards. 【Conclusion】 In southern Xinjiang, the abundance of insect pollinators in the jujube orchard is mainly affected by the dilution effect of the proportion of other fruit trees and semi-nature habitats, while the proportion of secondary crops can promote the increase of pollinator species richness. It is confirmed that the farmland landscape pattern can significantly affect the population of insect pollinators in Desert Oasis Agro-ecosystem in Xinjiang, which provides a scientific basis for the conservation of insect pollinators and the improvement of their pollination service function in southern Xinjiang.

Key words: Landscape pattern, insect pollinators, community diversity, habitat type, pollination service function