昆虫学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 67 ›› Issue (10): 1352-1363.doi: 10.16380/j.kcxb.2024.10.006

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

新菠萝灰粉蚧取食对四种寄主植物挥发物组成的影响

吴密, 黄灿, 杨祥燕, 李今朝, 覃旭, 黄显雅,彭欣怡, 蒋越华, 崔明勇, 钟敬贤, 刘明*   

  1. (广西壮族自治区亚热带作物研究所, 南宁 530001)
  • 出版日期:2024-10-20 发布日期:2024-11-18

Effects of feeding of Dysmicoccus neobrevipes (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) on the composition of volatiles from four host plants

WU Mi, HUANG Can, YANG Xiang-Yan, LI Jin-Zhao, QIN Xu, HUANG Xian-Ya, PENG Xin-Yi, JIANG Yue-Hua, CUI Ming-Yong, ZHONG Jing-Xian, LIU Ming*   

  1.  (Guangxi Subtropical Crops Research Institute, Nanning 530001, China)
  • Online:2024-10-20 Published:2024-11-18

摘要: 【目的】探明外来入侵害虫新菠萝灰粉蚧Dysmicoccus neobrevipes取食对寄主植物挥发物组成的影响,分析挥发物介导的新菠萝灰粉蚧为害寄主植物行为机制,为选育寄主抗虫品种以及研发新菠萝灰粉蚧及其天敌昆虫调节剂提供参考。【方法】采用动态顶空吸附法(dynamic headspace adsorption, DHSA)收集新菠萝灰粉蚧成虫取食为害不同时间时(0, 1, 2, 4和8 d)剑麻、菠萝、香蕉和南瓜4种寄主植物释放的挥发物,通过气相色谱-质谱联用仪(gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, GC-MS)鉴定并分析出新菠萝灰粉蚧成虫取食前后不同寄主植物挥发物组分的异同和含量的变化。同时,利用Y形嗅觉仪进一步研究新菠萝灰粉蚧成虫对9种单一化合物的趋向行为反应。【结果】剑麻健康株挥发物组分有4类共9种化合物,新菠萝灰粉蚧成虫取食为害(虫害)剑麻植株挥发物组分有5类12种;菠萝健康株挥发物组分有4类8种,菠萝虫害株挥发物组分有5类11种;南瓜健康株获得的6类组分均存在于南瓜虫害株中;香蕉健康株挥发物组分有5类11种,香蕉虫害株挥发物组分有7类15种。剑麻和菠萝的健康株和虫害株中,酮类物质相对含量最高;南瓜的健康株和虫害株中,醚类物质相对含量最高;香蕉的健康株和虫害株中,烷烃类物质相对含量最高。4, 6-二甲基十二烷和萘分别是剑麻独有的挥发性有机化合物(volatile organic compounds, VOCs)和菠萝特有的昆虫取食为害的植物挥发物(herbivore-induced plant volatiles, HIPVs)。与健康植株释放的挥发性化合物相比,受新菠萝灰粉蚧成虫取食为害的寄主挥发物中新出现了3-己酮、 2-己酮、(+)-柠檬烯、 3蒈烯、 4-(1-羟乙基)苯甲醛、 2-异丙基-5-甲基茴香醚、萘、对乙基苯乙酮和柏木脑9种VOCs,表明这些化合物是寄主挥发物-新菠萝灰粉蚧-天敌昆虫之间互相影响的主要因子。其中4-(1-羟乙基)苯甲醛、对乙基苯乙酮和柏木脑可以有效吸引新菠萝灰粉蚧成虫, (+)-柠檬烯、 3-蒈烯、 2-异丙基-5-甲基茴香醚和萘等化合物则对新菠萝灰粉蚧成虫具有驱避作用。【结论】 9种新增HIPVs的发现为新菠萝灰粉蚧驱避剂及其天敌昆虫引诱剂研制以及利用昆虫调节剂控制该虫提供了理论基础。

关键词:  新菠萝灰粉蚧; 寄主植物; 挥发物; 趋向行为反应, 聚类分析

Abstract:  【Aim】 This study aims to explore the effects of feeding of the alien invasive pest Dysmicoccus neobrevipes on the composition of volatiles from host plants, and to analyze the volatile-mediated behavioural mechanism of D. neobrevipes on host plants, so as to provide a reference for the selection and breeding of insect-resistant host varieties, and for the research and development of D. neobrevipes and its natural enemy insect regulators.【Methods】 The volatiles released from four host plants including sisal, pineapple, banana and pumpkin were collected by dynamic headspace adsorption (DHSA) method at different time post infestation by D. neobrevipes adults (0, 1, 2, 4 and 8 d). The similarities and differences of volatile components and content changes in different host plants before and after being damaged by feeding of D. neobrevipes adults were identified and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). At the same time, a Y-tube olfactometer was used to further study the tactic responses of D. neobrevipes adults to nine single compounds. 【Results】 There were nine compounds in four classes of volatile components from healthy sisal plants and 12 compounds in five classes from adult D. neobrevipes-infested (insect-infected) sisal plants, eight compounds in four classes from healthy pineapple plants and 11 compounds in five classes from insect-infected pineapple plants. All six classes of compounds obtained from healthy pumpkin plants were present in the insect-infected pumpkin plants. There were 11 compounds in five classes from healthy banana plants and 15 compounds in seven classes from insect-infected banana plants. In the healthy and insect-infected plants of sisal and pineapple, the relative content of ketones was the highest; in the healthy and insect-infected plants of pumpkin, the relative content of ethers was the highest; and in the healthy and insect-infected plants of banana, the relative content of alkanes was the highest. 4, 6-Dimethyl dodecane and naphthalene are unique volatile organic compounds (VOCs) of sisal and herbivore-induced plant volatiles (HIPVs) of pineapple, respectively. Nine new VOCs including 3-hexanone, 2-hexanone, (+)-limonene, 3-carene, 4-(1-hydroxyethyl) benzaldehyde, 2-isopropyl-5-methylanisole, naphthalene, p-ethylacetophenone and cedrol were found in the volatiles from the host plants damaged by D. neobrevipes adults, as compared with the volatile compounds emitted from healthy plants. Among them, 4-(1-hydroxyethyl) benzaldehyde, pethylacetophenone and cedrol could effectively attract D. neobrevipes adults, while compounds such as (+)-limonene, 3-carene, 2-isopropyl-5-methylanisole and naphthalene had repellent effects on D. neobrevipes adults, indicating that these compounds were the main factors affecting the interaction between host volatiles, D.neobrevipes and natural enemy insects. 【Conclusion】 The discovery of nine new HIPVs provides a theoretical basis for the development of new repellents and natural enemy insect attractants for D.neobrevipes and the use of regulators to control the pest.

Key words: Dysmicoccus neobrevipes, host plant, volatiles, tactic responses, cluster analysis