›› 1994, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (2): 178-189.

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

草原蝗虫营养生态位的研究*

康乐 陈永林   

  • 出版日期:1994-05-20 发布日期:1994-05-20

TROPHIC NICHE OF GRASSHOPPERS WITHIN STEPPE ECOSYSTEM IN INNER MONGOLIA

KANG LE CHEN YONG-LIN   

  • Online:1994-05-20 Published:1994-05-20

摘要: 本文采用嗉囊内含物显微分析技术系统地研究了内蒙古典型草原蝗虫的选食特性和食物利用诺。根据11种蝗虫嗉囊内含物分析的结果,定量地研究了蝗虫的营养生态位以及生态位的重叠和宽度。11-种蝗虫依据生态位分化的特点,被划分为5个不同的营养需求类群:禾草取食者、禾草-杂草取食者、杂草-禾草取食者、杂草取食者和杂食者。作者通过对蝗虫食性及生物量的研究,提出了蝗虫潜在严重值和实际严重值的概念和计算方法,也就蝗虫在草原生态系统中的相互作用关系及共存关系进行了讨论。

关键词: 蝗虫, 生态位, 食性选择, 资源利用和分化, 草原生态系统

Abstract: Microscopic examination of crop contents was used to determine the food prefefence of grasshoppers on typical steppe in Inner Mongolia. Results from the dietary analysis of 11 grasshopper species (Table 1) showed that 31 species of vascular plants, a species of fungus and mites were served as food sources (Table 3). The overlaps and breadths of trophic niches among these grasshopper species were studied by methods of popular indices (Table 2 & 4). On the basis of partition in utilization of food resources, the 11 grasshopper species were divided into 5 groups by thePrincipal Gomponent Analysis: graminivorous, mixed graminivorous, mixed forbivo rous, forbivorous and phytocarnivorous species (Fig. 1). The authors proposed a new concept and methods for measurement of potential and realized serious values of grasshopper species by combining average biomass of individual and realized bio mass of population of grasshopper with their plant value indices. The concept and methods are very useful for the evaluation of economic importance of the grasshopper species in this region. The coexisted relationships among these grasshopper species within the ecosystem of typical steppe are discussed.

Key words: Grasshopper——niche——food selection——utilization and par-