›› 2006, Vol. 49 ›› Issue (5): 843-849.

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

昆虫唾液成分在昆虫与植物关系中的作用

殷海娣,黄翠虹,薛堃,王戎疆,闫凤鸣*   

  1. (北京大学生命科学学院,北京100871)
  • 出版日期:2006-11-03 发布日期:2006-10-20
  • 通讯作者: 闫凤鸣

Roles of insect salivary components in insect-plant interactions

YIN Hai-Di, HUANG Cui-Hong, XUE Kun, WANG Rong-Jiang, YAN Feng-Ming   

  1. College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
  • Online:2006-11-03 Published:2006-10-20
  • Contact: YAN Feng-Ming

摘要: 近年来,人们对于植食性昆虫唾液的深入研究,揭示出其在昆虫与植物的相互关系和协同进化中起到非常重要的作用。植食性昆虫唾液中含有的酶类和各种有机成分,能诱导植物的一系列生化反应,而且这些反应有很强的特异性,与为害的昆虫种类甚至龄期有关。鳞翅目幼虫口腔分泌物(或反吐液)中含有的β-葡糖苷酶、葡萄糖氧化酶等酶类和挥发物诱导素等有机成分,已经证明可以诱导植物的反应; 刺吸式昆虫的取食也可以刺激植物产生反应,但其唾液内的酶类,如烟粉虱的碱性磷酸酶, 蚜虫的酚氧化酶、果胶酶和多聚半乳糖醛酸酶, 蝽类的寡聚半乳糖醛酸酶等是否发挥作用,目前还没有直接的证据。寄主植物对昆虫的唾液成分也有很大的影响,可能是昆虫对不同植物营养成分和毒性成分的适应方式。对昆虫唾液蛋白的分析表明,具有同样类型口器、食物类型接近的昆虫,唾液成分有更多的相似性。研究植食性昆虫的唾液成分,对于阐明昆虫和植物的协同进化关系、昆虫生物型的形成机理、害虫的致害机理,以及指导害虫防治等,有着一定的理论和实际意义。

关键词: 昆虫与植物关系, 协同进化, 昆虫唾液成分, 反吐液, 植物诱导抗性, 寄主植物

Abstract:

Researches on herbivory insect saliva in recent years have revealed that insect salivary components play important roles in relationships and coevolution between insects and plants. A variety of enzymes and organic components in saliva of herbivory insects can induce series of biochemical responses in damaged plants which could be very specific to species or even to larval instars of the feeding insects. It has been demonstrated that enzymes, such as  β-glucosidase, glucose oxidase, etc., and organic chemicals, such as volicitin, can trigger induced defense responses in plants. However, there have been no direct evidences that salivary components of piercing_sucking insects play roles in induced plant chemical defenses even though plants also responded to feeding by these insects. Salivary components of herbivory insects are variable with host plant species most likely due to biochemical or physiological adaptation of insects to nutrients and toxins in different plants. Insect protein analyses indicated that similar salivary components were found in insects with the same types of mouth parts and similar food resources. Researches in salivary components of herbivory insects may elucidate mechanisms in insect-plant coevolution, formation of insect biotypes, outbreaks and damage of insect pests, and may also have significance in guiding insect pest management.

Key words: Insect-plant interactions, coevolution, insect salivary components, regurgitant, plant induced resistance, host plants