›› 2010, Vol. 53 ›› Issue (3): 349-353.doi:

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

薇甘菊粗提物在椰心叶甲上的防控潜力

吕朝军,钟宝珠,孙晓东,覃伟权,彭正强   

  • 出版日期:2010-05-07 发布日期:2010-03-20
  • 通讯作者: 覃伟权

Control potential of extracts of Mikania micrantha on Brontispa longissima (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)

LV Chao-Jun, ZHONG Bao-Zhu, SUN Xiao-Dong, QIN Wei-Quan, PENG Zheng-Qiang   

  • Online:2010-05-07 Published:2010-03-20

摘要: 为了评价外来入侵杂草薇甘菊Mikania micrantha在害虫综合防治方面的潜力,为椰心叶甲Brontispa longissima的防控提供参考,测定了薇甘菊提取物对椰心叶甲室内生物活性和田间防治效果。结果表明:不同极性溶剂对薇甘菊活性物质提取率中,以甲醇和乙醇的提取率最高(甲醇、乙酸乙酯、正己烷、石油醚、三氯甲烷、蒸馏水、乙醇的提取率分别为10.54%,7.17%,6.22%,6.28%,8.67%,8.62%和10.36%);薇甘菊甲醇和乙醇提取物均对椰心叶甲表现出一定的生物活性,且乙醇提取物对各龄幼虫及成虫的活性均高于甲醇提取物,其中乙醇提取物对椰心叶甲1~5龄幼虫和成虫LC50分别为7.09,7.88,8.93,11.88,13.26和17.46 mg/g,而甲醇提取物相应LC50值分别为12.36,14.85,15.89,17.46,19.91和27.81 mg/g;两种提取物均能造成椰心叶甲蛹的羽化延迟、成虫畸形、卵孵化时间延迟等情况。大田试验结果表明,薇甘菊乙醇提取物对椰心叶甲表现出显著的防治效果,其中100和20 mg/mL处理组在处理后的第7天其虫口减退率均达到80%以上。结论:薇甘菊提取物对椰心叶甲具有一定的生物活性和防控潜力。

关键词: 椰心叶甲;薇甘菊, 粗提物;提取率, 生物活性

Abstract: To assess the potential of Mikania micrantha on IPM and provide reference for Brontispa longissima management, the bioactivities and field control effect of extracts of M. micrantha on the coconut leaf beetles were investigated. The results indicated that the extraction rates of methyl alcohol, ethyl acetate, hexane, petroleum ether, chloroform, distilled water and ethanol were 10.54%, 7.17%, 6.22%, 6.28%, 8.67%, 8.62%, 10.36%, respectively. Methyl alcohol and ethanol showed the highest extraction ability among different solvents. The methyl alcohol and ethanol extracts of M. micrantha showed activities to the coconut leaf beetles, and the activity of the ethanol extract was better than that of the methyl alcohol extract. The LC50 of the ethanol extract to 1st to 5th larvae and adults of coconut leaf beetles were 7.09, 7.88, 8.93, 11.88, 13.26 and 17.46 mg/g, while the LC50 values of the methyl alcohol extract were 12.36, 14.85, 15.89, 17.46, 19.91 and 27.81 mg/g, respectively. Both extracts delayed the eclosion of the coconut leaf beetles and induced the deformity of adults. Meanwhile, the time of egg incubation was also delayed, and the bioactivity of the ethanol extract was obviously higher than that of the methyl alcohol extract. The field trial results indicated that the ethanol extract of M. micrantha had great activities to the coconut leaf beetles and the control effects were all above 80% in the 100 mg/mL and 20 mg/mL treatment after 7 d. It is so concluded that the extracts of M. micrantha have good bioactivity and control potential on the coconut leaf beetles.

Key words: Brontispa longissima, Mikania micrantha, crude extract, extraction rate, bioactivity