›› 2010, Vol. 53 ›› Issue (9): 985-992.

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

水菖蒲杀虫活性组分菖蒲螺酮的分离与鉴定(英文)

姚英娟,蔡万伦,杨长举,张宏宇,华红霞   

  • 出版日期:2010-09-20 发布日期:2010-09-20

Isolation and characterization of the insecticidal constituent acorone from Acorus calamus (Araceae)

YAO Ying-Juan   

  • Online:2010-09-20 Published:2010-09-20

摘要: 储粮害虫的危害造成储粮严重损失,化学农药的种种弊端使开发新型环境友好型药剂非常迫切, 植物由于其自身的特点, 成为开发新型药剂的重要来源。我们的前期研究表明, 水菖蒲Acorus calamus提取物对多种储粮害虫具有明显的触杀活性,并且分离得到了其主要活性组分β-细辛醚。本研究采用硅胶柱层析法,并以对玉米象Sitophilus zeamais的触杀活性进行追踪, 对水菖蒲提取物进行分离, 得到另一活性组分。经气相色谱-质谱联用、红外吸收光谱和核磁共振波谱方法鉴定,该活性组分为单体化合物菖蒲螺酮(1-异丙基-4,8-二甲基螺[4.5]-2,7-二酮)。将菖蒲螺酮以314.54 251.63 188.72 125.8262.91 μg/cm2的浓度处理玉米象96 h后, 玉米象的死亡率分别为85.6%, 72.2%, 53.3%, 38.9%15.6%。处理96 h后,菖蒲螺酮对玉米象成虫的LD50158.00 μg/cm2。这些结果说明菖蒲螺酮对玉米象具有明显的生物活性,是水菖蒲提取物中除β-细辛醚以外的又一活性组分。

关键词: 水菖蒲, 菖蒲螺酮, 活性组分, 触杀活性, 玉米象

Abstract:

Susceptibilities of the green plant bug, Lygus lucorum Meyer-Dür collected from five cotton-growing regions in Shandong Province, China, to endosulfan, malathion, chlorpyrifos, bifenthrin, methomyl, carbosulfan, imidacloprid and fipronil, were determined by glass-vial bioassay in 2009 in order to choose efficient insecticides for controlling green plant bugs in different regions. Dose-response results indicated that L. lucorum from five cotton-growing regions were susceptible to malathion, chlorpyrifos, carbosulfan, bifenthrin and imidacloprid at LC50 values. Toxicity data indicated that L. lucorum collected in Liaocheng (LC) was more susceptible to methomyl, endosulfan and fipronil than those in other four regions. The results indicated that the LC50 values of Binzhou (BZ) population for methomyl, endosulfan and fipronil were 5.12-, 6.04- and 39.80-fold higher than those of LC population, respectively, and the LC50 values of Qufu (QF) population for methomyl, endosulfan and fipronil were 22.12-, 5.48- and 22.80-fold higher than those of LC population, respectively. The populations collected in BZ and QF was less susceptible to methomyl, endosulfan and fipronil. The toxicity sequence of 8 insecticides to L. lucorum was ranked as follows: fipronilmethomyl, bifenthrin, endosulfanmalathion, chlorpyrifoscarbosulfanimidacloprid. The susceptibilities of L. lucorum adults from Dezhou (DZ) to 8 insecticides were hardly changed during July and October in 2009. The current study may provide a better understanding of insecticide efficacies to L. lucorum and develop efficient pest management strategies in those cotton-growing regions.

Key words: Acorus calamus, acorone, active constituent, contact toxicity, Sitophilus zeamais