›› 2011, Vol. 54 ›› Issue (11): 1288-1296.doi:

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

温周期对不同地理种群棉铃虫幼虫发育及蛹滞育的影响

 陈元生, 陈超, 涂小云, 匡先钜, 薛芳森   

  • 收稿日期:2011-05-26 修回日期:2011-10-18 出版日期:2011-11-20 发布日期:2011-11-20
  • 通讯作者: 薛芳森 E-mail:xue_fangsen@hotmail.com
  • 作者简介: 陈元生, 男, 1967年生, 江西信丰人, 博士研究生, 副教授, 从事昆虫生物学和滞育生理生态研究, E-mail: srzycys@163.com
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金项目(31060243)

Effects of thermoperiod on larval development and pupal diapause in different geographic populations of Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

 CHEN  Yuan-Sheng, CHEN  Chao, TU  Xiao-Yun, KUANG  Xian-Ju, XUE  Fang-Sen   

  • Received:2011-05-26 Revised:2011-10-18 Online:2011-11-20 Published:2011-11-20
  • Contact: XUE Fang-Sen E-mail:xue_fangsen@hotmail.com
  • About author: srzycys@163.com

摘要: 为了探明不同地理种群棉铃虫Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner)对温周期的反应, 本研究系统调查了棉铃虫广东广州种群(23.08°N, 113.14°E)、 江西永修种群(29.04°N, 115.82°E)、 山东泰安种群(36.15°N, 116.59°E)和辽宁喀佐种群(41.34°N, 120.27°E)在滞育诱导的光周期(L12∶D12)条件下, 温周期(光期高温20~28℃, 暗期低温5和9℃)对幼虫发育和蛹滞育的影响。结果表明: 当光期温度相同时, 各地理种群20T(温期thermophase, 20℃)∶5C(低温期cryophase, 5℃)(12 h光期温度∶12 h暗期温度)(余此类推)和20T∶9C, 22T∶5C和22T∶9C, 25T∶5C和25T∶9C, 以及28T∶5C和28T∶9C之间幼虫的发育历期没有显著差异(P> 0.05); 而在平均温度相同或相近的情况下, 各地理种群20T∶9C(平均温度14.5℃)下的幼虫发育历期显著长于在22T∶5C(平均温度13.5℃)下的发育历期(P<0.05); 20T∶20C(恒温20℃)的幼虫发育历期也显著长于28T∶9C(平均温度18.5℃)(P<0.05), 表明幼虫发育主要受光期温度的影响。在平均温度相同或相近的情况下, 各地理种群温周期20T∶9C的滞育率高于22T∶5C的滞育率, 25T∶20C的滞育率也高于28T∶9C; 各地理种群温周期20T∶20C的滞育率显著高于28T∶5C的滞育率(平均温度14.5℃)(P<0.05)。当光期温度相同时, 20T∶5C和20T∶9C, 22T∶5C和22T∶9C, 25T∶5C和25T∶9C, 以及28T∶5C和28T∶9C之间滞育率没有显著差异(P>0.05), 表明光期温度是影响棉铃虫滞育的主要因素。在相同的温周期下, 幼虫发育历期及滞育率存在显著的地理变异, 幼虫历期和滞育率与其栖息地纬度均呈正相关关系, 揭示了棉铃虫对温度的敏感性随着纬度的南移而逐渐增强。

关键词:  , 棉铃虫, 地理种群, 发育历期, 滞育诱导, 温周期, 光周期

Abstract:  To understand the thermoperiodic response of the cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner), the effects of thermoperiod on larval development and pupal diapause in 4 different geographic populations (Guangzhou population, 23.08°N, 113.14°E; Yongxiu population, 29.04°N, 115.82°E; Tai’an population, 36.15°N, 116.59°E; and Kazuo population, 41.34°N, 120.27°E) were systematically investigated under the photoperiod of L12∶D12. The results showed that at the same photophase temperature there were no significant differences in the larval duration (P>0.05) between 20T (thermophase, 20℃)∶ 5C (cryophase, 5℃) (12 h photophase temperature∶12h scotophase temperature) (the rest in the same analogy) and 20T∶9C, 22T∶5C and 22T∶9C, 25T∶5C and 25T∶9C, and 28T∶5C and 28T∶9C, respectively, in 4 different populations. However, at the same or near average temperature, the larval duration at  20T∶9C (an average temperature of 14.5℃) was significantly higher than that at 22T∶5C (an average temperature of 13.5℃) (P<0.05); the larval duration at 20T∶20C (a constant temperature of 20℃) was significantly higher than that at 28T∶9C (an average temperature of 18.5℃) (P<0.05), suggesting that the larval development is influenced strongly by the photophase temperature. At the same or near average temperature, the diapause rates in 4 different populations at 20T∶9C were higher than those at 22T∶5C, and the diapause rates at 25T∶ 20C (an average temperature of 22.5℃) were higher than those at 28T∶9C (an average temperature of 18.5℃); the diapause rates in 4 different populations at 20T∶20C  were significantly higher than those at 28T∶5C (an average temperature of 16.5℃) (P<0.05). However, there were significant differences (P>0.05) at the same photophase temperature between 20T∶5C and 20T∶9C, 22T∶5C and 22T∶9C, 25T∶5C and 25T∶9C, and 28T∶5C and 28T∶9C, respectively, suggesting that the diapause induction is influenced strongly by the photophase temperature. At the same thermoperiod, the larval duration and diapause rate were significantly different among different geographic populations. The larval duration and diapause rate were positively correlated with latitude of habitat, suggesting that sensitivity to temperature is gradually enhanced with a decrease in latitude of habitat.

Key words:  Helicoverpa armigera, geographic population, developmental duration, diapause induction, thermoperiod, photoperiod