关键词: 褐飞虱, 白背飞虱, 灰飞虱, 翅型, 遗传, 杂交实验

Abstract: In order to clarify the inheritance of wing forms in three species of rice planthoppers including Nilaparvata lugens, Sogatella furcifera and Laodelphax striatellus, selection and cross breeding experiments were carried out using rice seedlings under the same condition (25℃, 14L∶10D). The results showed that the wing forms of three planthoppers exhibited a strong selection response, and the pure line of macropterous form was the most vulnerable to be selected in S. furcifera, the moderate difficult in L. striatellus, and the most difficult in N. lugens. For the three planthoppers, 95%-100% of females and males were brachypterous (B) and macropterous (M), respectively, when the cross breeding group M♂×B♀ has been selected for three to five generations. The great part of wing form data from N. lugens selection and cross breeding experiments could be explained well using the sex-influenced inheritance trait controlled by a pair of alleles on euchromosome, and the macroptery was dominant in males whereas the brachyptery was dominant in females. However, the phenotype of wings in N. lugens was also controlled by other factors beside the genotype. The wing forms of offsprings from B♂×B♀ and M♂×M♀ were very similar when their parents came from M♂×M♀, and the same result was found with the parents B♂×B♀. Few brachypterous males appeared in S. furcifera and L. striatellus under the selection conditions. Genetic control of S. furcifera and L. striatellus was similar, mainly determined by two pairs of alleles, of which one is located in a sex chromosome controlling males’ wing forms with the macropetery dominant, while the other is located in a euchromosome controlling females’ wing forms with the brachyptery dominant. It is so concluded that the difference of dominant and recessive genes in females and males and the inconsistency between phenotype and genotype are the very important genetic mechanism for planthoppers to cannily control their wing forms under different conditions.

Key words: Nilaparvata lugens； Sogatella furcifera； Laodelphax striatellus； wing form； inheritance, cross breeding experiment