茚虫威和高效氯氰菊酯对小菜蛾的亚致死效应

›› 2013, Vol. 56 ›› Issue (5): 521-529.doi:

茚虫威和高效氯氰菊酯对小菜蛾的亚致死效应

宋亮^1,2，章金明²，吕要斌^1,2,*

（1. 浙江师范大学化学与生命科学学院，金华321004; 2. 浙江省农业科学院植物保护与微生物研究所，
浙江省植物有害生物防控重点实验室——省部共建国家重点实验室培育基地，杭州 310021）

出版日期:2013-05-20 发布日期:2013-05-20

Sublethal effects of indoxacarb and beta-cypermethrin on Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae)

SONG Liang^1,2, ZHANG Jin-Ming², LÜYao-Bin^1,2,*

(1. College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang 321004, China; 2. State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustainable Pest and Disease Control, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China)

Online:2013-05-20 Published:2013-05-20

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】通过研究茚虫威和高效氯氰菊酯两种杀虫剂对小菜蛾Plutella xylostella (L.)的亚致死效应，进一步了解农药的杀虫机制，同时为合理使用农药、减少农药给环境和农业生产带来的一系列不良影响提供理论依据。【方法】浸叶法测定茚虫威和高效氯氰菊酯对小菜蛾2龄幼虫的毒力；选择茚虫威的3个实验浓度（TI-LC₁₅， TI-LC₃₀和TI-LC₅₀）和高效氯氰菊酯的3个实验浓度（TB-LC₁₅， TB-LC₃₀和TB-LC₅₀）分别处理小菜蛾2龄幼虫48 h，记录各虫态存活率和发育历期， 3龄、 4龄幼虫及蛹的重量，并记录单雌产卵量和成虫寿命；应用特征年龄龄期及两性生命表方法，研究不同处理组小菜蛾后代的生长发育、存活率以及种群增长。【结果】TI-LC₃₀， TI-LC₅₀， TB-LC₁₅， TB-LC₃₀和TB-LC₅₀处理组各虫态发育历期比对照组显著延长（P<0.05）， 3龄、 4龄幼虫和蛹的重量以及单雌产卵量均显著低于对照组（P<0.05），但TI-LC₁₅组小菜蛾3龄和4龄幼虫发育历期均显著低于对照组（P<0.05）。TI-LC₃₀， TI-LC₅₀， TB-LC₃₀和TBLC50组小菜蛾后代的总产卵期显著短于相应对照组（P<0.05），产卵量也都显著降低（P<0.05）； TI和TB实验组小菜蛾后代种群内禀增长率r_m、周限增长率λ、净生殖率R₀以及总生殖率GRR都比对照显著降低（P<0.05）。【结论】低剂量的茚虫威和高效氯氰菊酯能显著抑制处理当代小菜蛾的生长发育和生殖，并对其下一代的生长发育及种群增长也有明显的抑制。

关键词: 小菜蛾, 茚虫威, 高效氯氰菊酯, 亚致死效应, 生长发育, 种群增长

Abstract: 【Aim】In this study, the sublethal effects of indoxacarb and beta-cypermethrin on Plutella xylostella (L.) were investigated so as to further understand the mechanism of insecticides and provide a theoretical basis for proper application of pesticides and mitigating the damage to environment and negative effects on agriculture. 【Methods】 Leaf dipping method was used to test the acute toxicity of indoxacarb and beta-cypermethrin to the 2nd instar larvae of P. xylostella, and the LC₁₅, LC₃₀ and LC₅₀ values of indoxacarb (designated as TI-LC₁₅, TI-LC₃₀and TI-LC₅₀, respectively) and beta-cypermethirn (designated as TB-LC₁₅, TB-LC₃₀and TB-LC₅₀, respectively) were determined. After the 2nd instar larvae of P. xylostella were exposed to the six lethal concentrations above for 48 h, the biological characteristics including the survival rate, developmental duration, and larval and pupal weight were recorded, the fecundity and adult longevity were also investigated, and the age-stage and two-sex life tables was established to analyze the subthal effects of indoxacarb and beta-cypermethrin on biological characteristics of the offsprings of P. xylostella. 【Results】 The developmental duration in TI-LC₃₀, TI-LC₅₀, TB-LC₁₅, TB-LC₃₀ and TB-LC₅₀ groups were significantly longer than that of the control group （P<0.05）, and the larval and pupal weight and fecundity tended to decrease (P<0.05). But the developmental duration of the 3rd and 4th instar larvae in TI-LC₁₅ group was significantly shorter than that of the control group （P<0.05）. The total oviposition periods of offsprings in TI-LC₃₀, TI-LC₅₀, TB-LC₃₀and TB-LC₅₀groups were significantly shortened (P<0.05). Meanwhile, the fecundity of these groups was significantly decreased compared to that of the control (P<0.05). The mean values of the intrinsic rate of increase (r_m), finite rate of increase (λ), gross reproductive rate (GRR) and net reproductive rate (R₀) were significantly lower in all the treatment groups than in the control group (P<0.05). 【Conclusion】 The low concentrations of indoxacarb and beta-cypermethrin could restrain the growth and development of P. xylostella, decrease the fecundity of its parents and offsprings and reduce the population growth of its offsprings.

Key words: Plutella xylostella, indoxacarb, beta-cypermethrin, sublethal effects, growth and development, population growth

宋亮, 章金明, 吕要斌. 茚虫威和高效氯氰菊酯对小菜蛾的亚致死效应[J]. , 2013, 56(5): 521-529.

SONG Liang, ZHANG Jin-Ming, Lü Yao-Bin. Sublethal effects of indoxacarb and beta-cypermethrin on Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae)[J]. , 2013, 56(5): 521-529.

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http://www.insect.org.cn/CN/Y2013/V56/I5/521

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