›› 2014, Vol. 57 ›› Issue (4): 443-448.doi:

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

外源水杨酸和茉莉酸诱导巨峰葡萄抗根瘤蚜

杜远鹏1, 季兴龙1, 蒋恩顺2, 崔丽静2, 翟衡1,*   

  1. (1. 山东农业大学园艺科学与工程学院,作物生物学国家重点实验室,山东泰安271018; 2. 山东省果树研究所,山东泰安 271018)
  • 出版日期:2014-04-20 发布日期:2014-04-20

Phylloxera resistance induced by salicylic and jasmonic acids in Kyoho grapevine

DU Yuan-Peng1, JI Xing-Long1, JIANG En-Shun2, CUI Li-Jing2, ZHAI Heng1,*   

  1. (1. State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, Shandong 271018, China; 2. Shandong Institute of Pomology, Tai’an, Shandong 271018, China)
  • Online:2014-04-20 Published:2014-04-20

摘要: 【目的】水杨酸和茉莉酸在植物诱导防御虫害反应中发挥着重要作用。本研究旨在探讨水杨酸和茉莉酸诱导葡萄对根瘤蚜的抗性。【方法】以盆栽巨峰为试材,在接种葡萄根瘤蚜Daktulosphaira vitifoliae的同时喷施水杨酸和茉莉酸,测定和评估了对根瘤蚜生长发育及产卵量的影响,以及对葡萄根系抗氧化相关酶[过氧化物酶(POD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)]活性、丙二醛(MDA)含量、新梢生长量及光合速率的影响。【结果】水杨酸和茉莉酸诱导处理显著降低了根瘤蚜卵量及下代1,2龄若蚜总数,接种35 d后根瘤蚜的产卵量分别减少了41.35%和50.00%,1龄和2龄若蚜总数分别减少了42.31%和50.00%;根瘤蚜侵染后根系中POD和CAT活性均呈先升高后降低的趋势,且水杨酸和茉莉酸诱导处理在各测定时期均高于仅接种根瘤蚜处理;水杨酸和茉莉酸处理的根系中MDA含量在各测定时期均低于仅接种根瘤蚜处理;水杨酸和茉莉酸处理降低了根瘤蚜侵染对植株地上部生长及光合的抑制。接种处理后第30天,仅接种根瘤蚜处理的植株地上部生长量减少了48.11%,光合速率降低了58.77%,而水杨酸和茉莉酸处理后的新梢生长量分别减少了31.57%和25.71%,光合速率分别降低了32.89%和24.67%。【结论】叶片喷洒茉莉酸和水杨酸能够降低根瘤蚜种群密度,并提高葡萄根系活性氧清除能力和防御酶活性,缓解树势衰退。

关键词:  葡萄, 根瘤蚜, 水杨酸, 茉莉酸, 抗虫性, 防御酶

Abstract: 【Aim】 Salicylic and jasmonic acids play important roles in inducing resistance to insects. This study aims to explore the induced resistance to phylloxera by salicylic and jasmonic acids in Kyoho grapevine. 【Methods】 Potted Kyoho grapevines were inoculated with grape phylloxera (Daktulosphaira vitifoliae) and sprayed with salicylic and jasmonic acids at the same time. Thereafter, the impacts of the above two hormones were detected and evaluated in the phylloxerainoculated grapevines, including the development and fecundity of phylloxera, the activities of antioxidant enzymes [peroxidase (POD) and catalase (CAT)], the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) in grape roots, shoot growth and the net photosynthetic rate. 【Results】 On the salicylic and jasmonic acidtreated grapevines, the total number of eggs per plant decreased by 41.35% and 50.00%, respectively, and the number of the 1st and 2nd instar nymphs of the next generation decreased by 42.31% and 50.00%, respectively, at 35 d after inoculation. After phylloxera infection, POD and CAT activities in grape roots increased first and then decreased, and were higher in salicylic and jasmonic acid-treated roots. The MDA content, however, was lower in salicylic and jasmonic acid-treated roots. Salicylic and jamonic acid treatment alleviated the growth depression caused by phylloxera. The growth of grape shoot and the net photosynthetic rate were remarkably decreased by 48.11% and 58.77%, respectively, at 30 d after inoculation. By contrast, the growth of salicylic and jasmonic acidtreated grape shoots decreased by 31.57% and 25.71%, respectively, and the net photosynthetic rate decreased by 32.89% and 24.67%, respectively. 【Conclusion】 Salicylic or jasmonic acid treatment can decrease the phylloxera population density, improve scavenging capacity of active oxygen and activities of defense enzymes, and alleviate the growth depression caused by phylloxera.

Key words: Grape, phylloxera, salicylic acid, jasmonic acid, insect resistance, defense enzymes