三唑类杀菌剂对三种赤眼蜂成蜂的急性毒性及风险评估

三唑类杀菌剂对三种赤眼蜂成蜂的急性毒性及风险评估

祝小祥¹，苍涛²，王彦华^2,*，吴长兴²，赵学平²，王强²

(1. 临安市农业技术推广中心，浙江临安 311300; 2. 浙江省农业科学院农产品质量标准研究所，省部共建国家重点
实验室培育基地——浙江省植物有害生物防控重点实验室，农业部农药残留检测重点实验室，杭州 310021)

出版日期:2014-06-20 发布日期:2014-06-20

Acute toxicity and risk assessment of triazole fungicides to adult wasps of threeTrichogramma species (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammidae)

ZHU Xiao-Xiang¹, CANG Tao², WANG Yan-Hua^2,*, WU Chang-Xing², ZHAO Xue-Ping², WANG Qiang²

(1. Agricultural Technology Extension Center of Lin’an City, Lin’an, Zhejiang 311300, China; 2. State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustainable Plant Pest and Disease Control, Key Laboratory for Pesticide Residue Detection of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Quality and Standard for Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China) 

Online:2014-06-20 Published:2014-06-20

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】明确三唑类杀菌剂对天敌赤眼蜂Trichogramma spp.的影响。【方法】在室内采用药膜法测定了其对稻螟赤眼蜂Trichogramma japonicum Ashmead、亚洲玉米螟赤眼蜂T. ostriniae Pang et Chen和拟澳洲赤眼蜂T. confusum Viggiani成蜂的急性毒性，并进行了风险评估。【结果】急性毒性测定结果表明，在测定的6种三唑类药剂中，氟环唑急性毒性最高，对稻螟赤眼蜂、拟澳洲赤眼蜂和亚洲玉米螟赤眼蜂的LC₅₀分别为12.38(11.34~13.60)，12.34 (10.34~15.07) 和41.12 (37.75~45.05) mg a.i/L；其次为苯醚甲环唑和种菌唑，这两种药剂对上述3种赤眼蜂的LC₅₀在507.14 (464.79~556.48)~2 246.93 (1 866.65~2 755.12) mg a.i/L之间；而环丙唑醇、戊唑醇和己唑醇对3种赤眼蜂的毒性最低，其LC₅₀在5 970.03 (5 062.21~7 093.93)~11 712.34(9 941.23~14 026.12) mg a.i/L之间。氟环唑对3种赤眼蜂为低风险性，安全性系数为0.10~0.34。苯醚甲环唑对拟澳洲赤眼蜂为中等风险性，安全性系数为3.96；而该药剂对稻螟赤眼蜂和亚洲玉米螟赤眼蜂却均为低风险性，安全性系数分别为8.13和7.69。环丙唑醇、己唑醇、戊唑醇和种菌唑对测定的3种赤眼蜂成蜂均为低风险，其安全性系数在7.31~107.74之间。【结论】一些三唑类杀菌剂对赤眼蜂具有急性毒性潜力，在害虫综合治理中应谨慎使用三唑类杀菌剂，尤其是氟环唑，以免对赤眼蜂造成不良影响及危害。

关键词: 赤眼蜂, 三唑类杀菌剂, 卵寄生蜂, 急性毒性, 安全性评价

Abstract: 【Aim】 To clarify the side effects of triazole fungicides to trichogrammatid wasps. 【Methods】 Acute toxicities of triazoles to adult Trichogramma japonicum Ashmead, T. ostriniae Pang et Chen and T. confusum Viggiani were determined by using the dry film residue method under laboratory conditions, and the safety of these fungicides was also evaluated. 【Results】 Among the triazoles tested, epoxiconazle showed the highest intrinsic toxicity, with the LC₅₀ values of 12.38 (11.34-13.60), 12.34 (10.34-15.07) and 41.12 (37.75-45.05) mg a.i/L against adult wasps of T. japonicum, T. confusum and T. ostriniae, respectively. Difenoconazole and ipconazole had the less toxicity, with the LC₅₀ values ranging from 507.14 (464.79-556.48) to 2 246.93 (1 866.65-2 755.12) mg a.i/L. Cyproconazole, hexaconazole and tebuconazole exhibited the least toxicity, with the LC₅₀ values ranging from 5 970.03 (5 062.21-7 093.93) to 11 712.34 (9 941.23-14 026.12) mg a.i/L. The results of risk assessment showed that epoxiconazole was classified as high risk to adult wasps of the three Trichogramma species with the safety factors of 0.10-0.34. Difenoconazole was ranked as moderate risk to adult wasps of T. confusum with the safety factor of 3.96, while this fungicide was classified as low risk to adult wasps of T. japonicum and T. ostriniae with the safety factors of 8.13 and 7.69, respectively. Cyproconazole, hexaconazole and tebuconazole to adult wasps of the three Trichogramma species were ranked as low risk with the safety factors of 7.31-107.74. 【Conclusion】 Some triazole fungicides have the potential risk of acute toxicity to tvichogrammatid wasps, so the use of triazoles, especially epoxiconazole, should be evaluated carefully in integrated pest management (IPM) programs in order to avoid serious damages to triching ogrammatid wasps.

Key words: Trichogramma spp., triazole fungicides, egg parasitoids, acute toxicity, safety evaluation

祝小祥，苍涛，王彦华，吴长兴，赵学平, 王强. 三唑类杀菌剂对三种赤眼蜂成蜂的急性毒性及风险评估[J]. , 2014, 57(6): 688-695.

ZHU Xiao-Xiang, CANG Tao, WANG Yan-Hua, WU Chang-Xing, ZHAO Xue-Ping, WANG Qiang. Acute toxicity and risk assessment of triazole fungicides to adult wasps of threeTrichogramma species (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammidae)[J]. , 2014, 57(6): 688-695.

0
/ / 推荐

导出引用管理器 EndNote|Reference Manager|ProCite|BibTeX|RefWorks

链接本文: http://www.insect.org.cn/CN/

http://www.insect.org.cn/CN/Y2014/V57/I6/688

[1]	周浩, 邵莒南, 翟一凡, 吴光安, 陈浩, 门兴元, 于毅, 郑礼. 氟啶虫胺腈、乙基多杀菌素及其混剂对地熊蜂的毒性及风险评估[J]. , 2017, 60(7): 809-816.
[2]	陈茜, 王丽艳, 杨志强, 赵长江, 贺琳,张海燕. 温度通过影响Wolbachia滴度调控赤眼蜂生殖方式[J]. , 2016, 59(4): 464-471.
[3]	丁悦, 刘敏, 严海娟, 吴若函, 郭晓瑜, 辛星, 刘贤金. 噻虫胺及其混配制剂对意大利蜜蜂和玉米螟赤眼蜂的急性毒性[J]. , 2015, 58(9): 1030-1036.
[4]	宋静, 黄静, 王雷英, 李元喜. 繁育寄主对稻螟赤眼蜂寄生行为及寄生能力的影响[J]. , 2015, 58(7): 783-790.
[5]	黄静, 张斌, 张帆, 李元喜. 繁育寄主对三种赤眼蜂个体大小及抱卵量的影响[J]. , 2015, 58(10): 1098-1107.
[6]	袁曦，冯新霞，李敦松，张宝鑫，王振营. 米蛾卵繁育的螟黄赤眼蜂的适宜冷贮温度和虫龄[J]. , 2013, 56(9): 1010-1019.
[7]	谢丽娜, 董辉, 钱海涛, 闫京京, 丛斌. 不同温度下松毛虫赤眼蜂孤雌产雌品系和两性生殖品系对米蛾卵的寄生功能反应[J]. , 2013, 56(3): 263-269.
[8]	金华超, 尹晓辉, 朱国念. 四种杀菌剂对玉米螟赤眼蜂酚氧化酶活性的影响[J]. , 2013, 56(2): 136-144.
[9]	田雨浓, 马伟, 韦庆慧, 罗帅, 韩旭洋, 陈旭日, 邱本军, 马玲. α-萜品醇熏蒸对大麦虫体内抗氧化酶活性的影响[J]. , 2013, 56(1): 47-53.
[10]	沈健, 许向利, 仵均祥, 许建军. 紫外处理梨小食心虫卵对暗黑赤眼蜂寄生和羽化的影响[J]. , 2012, 55(6): 758-762.
[11]	王彦华, 俞瑞鲜, 赵学平, 安雪花, 陈丽萍, 吴长兴, 王强. 新烟碱类和大环内酯类杀虫剂对四种赤眼蜂成蜂急性毒性和安全性评价[J]. , 2012, 55(1): 36-45.
[12]	罗永丽, 王德森, 何余容, 郭祥令, 谢梅琼. 卷蛾分索赤眼蜂雌蜂的颜色偏好性[J]. , 2012, 55(1): 63-69.
[13]	郭祥令，何余容，王德森，潘飞. 卷蛾分索赤眼蜂对十字花科蔬菜的行为反应[J]. , 2011, 54(2): 238-245.
[14]	王德森, 潘飞, 何余容, 郭祥令, 陈俏. 11种不同类型杀虫剂对卷蛾分索赤眼蜂繁殖的亚致死效应[J]. , 2011, 54(1): 56-63.
[15]	吕燕青, 何余容, 陈科伟. 卷蛾分索赤眼蜂和拟澳洲赤眼蜂对小菜蛾利他素各成分的嗅觉反应[J]. , 2010, 53(10): 1184-1189.