繁育寄主对三种赤眼蜂个体大小及抱卵量的影响

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】繁育寄主及成蜂日龄均会影响赤眼蜂体内的抱卵量，为了解繁育寄主及育出赤眼蜂个体大小与赤眼蜂抱卵量的关系，我们在室内研究了米蛾 Corcyra cephalonica（Stainton）卵和亚洲玉米螟 Ostrinia furnacalis （Güenée）卵作为繁育寄主对3种赤眼蜂雌蜂大小、抱卵量的影响。【方法】在光周期14L:10D、温度25±1℃的室内条件下，以米蛾卵、亚洲玉米螟卵作为繁育寄主，解剖不同日龄（羽化后12-72 h）松毛虫赤眼蜂 Trichogramma dendrolimi Matsumura、玉米螟赤眼蜂Trichogramma ostriniae Pang et Chen以及稻螟赤眼蜂Trichogramma japonicum Ashmead，观察雌蜂抱卵量，测量成蜂的大小，分析雌蜂抱卵量与其日龄、个体大小以及繁育寄主的关系【结果】在羽化后48 h以内，3种蜂的抱卵量随雌蜂日龄的增长而增加。羽化后72 h，除米蛾卵繁育的玉米螟赤眼蜂及玉米螟卵繁育的松毛虫赤眼蜂的抱卵量比羽化后48 h时略高外，其他组合均出现下降。以亚洲玉米螟卵为繁育寄主时的玉米螟赤眼蜂的抱卵量显著高于对应日龄的以米蛾卵为繁育寄主时的抱卵量，而松毛虫赤眼蜂（除羽化后12和24 h外）和稻螟赤眼蜂则相反；以米蛾卵为繁育寄主时，相同日龄的赤眼蜂中，松毛虫赤眼蜂抱卵量最高，稻螟赤眼蜂的抱卵量最低；以亚洲玉米螟卵为繁育寄主时，玉米螟赤眼蜂抱卵量最高，稻螟赤眼蜂抱卵量最低。雌蜂抱卵量与雌蜂个体大小呈线性正相关，相关程度随雌蜂日龄增加而更加明显。【结论】后足胫节长度可以作为评价松毛虫赤眼蜂、玉米螟赤眼蜂和稻螟赤眼蜂质量的指标。赤眼蜂抱卵量受繁育寄主、赤眼蜂蜂种及雌蜂日龄的显著影响，寄主的适合性也会影响育出赤眼蜂的大小，筛选合适的繁育寄主有助于提高赤眼蜂的质量。

关键词: 松毛虫赤眼蜂, 玉米螟赤眼蜂, 稻螟赤眼蜂, 繁殖力, 寄主适合性

Abstract: 【Aim】 Rearing host and wasp age affect the egg load of Trichogramma wasps. In this study, in order to understand the relationship between rearing host and egg load or between the female size and egg load of Trichogramma wasps, we studied the effects of rearing hosts on the female size and egg load of wasps of three Trichogramma species (Trichogramma dendrolimi, Trichogramma ostriniae and Trichogramma japonicum) using Corcyra cephalonica eggs and Ostrinia furnacalis eggs as hosts.【Methods】 The three Trichogramma species were reared in climatic cabinet (25±1℃, photoperiod 14L:10D). Female egg load was observed at different ages (0-72 h-old) by dissecting the wasps under microscopy. Female hind tibia length was measured, and the relationship between female egg load and female age as well as between body size and rearing hosts was analyzed. 【Results】 The egg load of wasps of three Trichogramma species increased as female age increased within 48 h after wasp emergence. The egg load of 72 h-old wasps was lower than that of 48 h-old wasps of the corresponding species except for T. ostriniae wasps emerged from C. cephalonica eggs and T. dendrolomi wasps emerged from O. furnacalis eggs. The egg load of T. ostriniae wasps emerged from O. furnacalis eggs was significantly higher than that of the wasps emerged from C. cephalonica eggs, whereas the result was opposite for T. dendrolimi (except 12 and 24 h-old) and T. japonicum. The egg load of T. dendrolimi wasps was the highest and T. japonicum held the least eggs among three Trichogramma species of the same age when C. cephalonica eggs were used as the rearing host. When the wasps emerged from O. furnacalis eggs, egg load of T. ostriniae was the highest and T. japonicum held the least eggs among the three Trichogramma species. There was a significant positive liner relationship between egg load and female size for the three Trichogramma species, and the relevance degree increased with female age. 【Conclusion】 Hind tibia length can be used as an index to evaluate the quality of T. dendrolimi,T. ostriniae and T. japonicumwasps. Rearing host, Trichogramma species and female adult age significantly affect the egg load of Trichogramma wasps. Host suitability also affects the size of Trichogramma wasps, and suitable rearing host helps to improve the quality of Trichogramma wasps.

Key words: Trichogramma dendrolimi, Trichogramma ostriniae, Trichogramma japonicum, fecundity, host suitability

黄静, 张斌, 张帆, 李元喜. 繁育寄主对三种赤眼蜂个体大小及抱卵量的影响[J]. , 2015, 58(10): 1098-1107.

HUANG Jing, ZHANG Bin, ZHANG Fan, LI Yuan-Xi. Effect of rearing host on the size and egg load of three Trichogramma species (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae)[J]. , 2015, 58(10): 1098-1107.

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繁育寄主对三种赤眼蜂个体大小及抱卵量的影响

Effect of rearing host on the size and egg load of three Trichogramma species (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae)

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