›› 2015, Vol. 58 ›› Issue (4): 391-399.

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

间作番茄对花椰菜田主要害虫和天敌的调控作用

夏咛1,2,3,4, 杨广1,2,3,4,*, 尤民生1,2,3,4,*   

  1. (1. 福建农林大学应用生态研究所, 福州 350002; 2. 闽台特色作物病虫生态防控协同创新中心, 福州 350002;  3. 农业部闽台作物有害生物综合治理重点实验室, 福州 350002; 4. 福建省昆虫生态学重点实验室, 福州 35002)
  • 出版日期:2015-04-20 发布日期:2015-04-20
  • 作者简介:夏咛, 女, 1989年生, 福建闽清人, 硕士研究生, 研究方向为植物挥发物对农业害虫的作用, E-mail: xhoneyn@126.com

Regulation of dominant insect pests and natural enemies by intercropping tomato in cauliflower-based fields

XIA Ning1, 2, 3, 4, YANG Guang1, 2, 3, 4,*, YOU Min-Sheng1, 2, 3, 4,*   

  1. (1. Institute of Applied Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; 2. FujianTaiwan Joint Centre for Ecological Control of Crop Pests, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; 3. Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management of Fujian and Taiwan, Ministry of Agriculture, Fuzhou 350002, China; 4. Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Ecology, Fuzhou 350002, China)
  • Online:2015-04-20 Published:2015-04-20

摘要: 【目的】已有研究表明花椰菜 Brassica oleracea var. botrytis田合理间作番茄Lycopersicon esculentum对菜田主要害虫具有抑制作用。本研究旨在进一步探明提高花椰菜田生态系统保益控害服务功能的番茄最佳间作比例。【方法】2014年2-5月,试验在福建省闽清县省级标准农田示范区(26°10′41″N, 118°48′10″E)内进行,按番茄株数占花椰菜田总植株数中的比例设置4个梯度小区,分别为0%, 10%, 30%和50%,小区采用随机区组设计,通过目测法对花椰菜菜田节肢动物的种类和个体数量进行观察并记录。【结果】间作番茄显著降低了花椰菜田中菜蚜 Lipaphis erysimi 的个体数量,且控制效果随番茄间作比例的上升而增强(50%>30%>10%)。间作30%和50%番茄显著降低了黄曲条跳甲 Phyllotreta striolata 的个体数量,但2种间作比例的效果差异不显著。间作番茄不影响菜青虫  Pieris rapae 和蜘蛛的个体数量。3种间作比例都提高了菜蛾绒茧蜂 Cotesia plutellae 的个体数量和蜂/蛾比,但三者差异不显著。【结论】在花椰菜田中间作30%的番茄,对害虫控制最有利。

关键词: 花椰菜, 番茄, 间作, 害虫, 天敌

Abstract: 【Aim】 It has been documented that intercropping with tomato,  Lycopersicon esculentum , can suppress populations of the dominant insect pests in cauliflower (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis) fields. The present study aims to find the optimal ratio of tomato intercropped for protection of natural enemies and suppression of insect pests in cauliflower-based fields. 【Methods】 The study was conducted in a provincial standard demonstration site located in Minqing County of central Fujian (26°10′41″N, 118°48′10″E). The experiment was designed with scaled-up intercropping ratios of 0%, 10%, 30% and 50% of tomato plants to the total plants in cauliflower-based fields, using a randomized-block arrangement. The species of arthropods and their numbers of individuals in the cauliflower fields were visually observed and recorded. 【Results】 The results showed that the number of individuals of  Lipaphis erysimi was significantly suppressed in the cauliflower-based intercropping fields and the inhibitory efficacy increased with increasing of the intercropping ratio of tomato (50%>30%>10%). The number of individuals of  Phyllotreta striolata  decreased significantly in the intercropping fields with 30% and 50% tomato plants as compared to that in the monoculture system of cauliflower, but with no significant difference between the intercropping systems with 30% tomato plants and with 50% tomato plants. Intercropping with tomato had no effects on the numbers of individuals of Pieris rapae  and spiders in the cauliflower-based fields. The number of individuals of  Cotesia plutellae and the ratio of  C. plutellae  wasps to  Plutella xylostella moths increased in the intercropping fields compared to those in the monoculture system of cauliflower, but with no significant differences among the three intercropping ratios. 【Conclusion】 The 30% intercropping ratio of tomato plants is most optimal for the control of insect pests in cauliflower-based fields.

Key words: Cauliflower, tomato, intercropping, insect pest, natural enemy