昆虫学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 64 ›› Issue (4): 536-548.doi: 10.16380/j.kcxb.2021.04.012

• 综 述 • 上一篇    下一篇

致瘿昆虫对寄主植物生理和代谢的影响

杨孟可, 刘赛, 乔海莉, 郭昆, 徐荣, 徐常青, 陈君   

  1.  (中国医学科学院北京协和医学院药用植物研究所, 北京 100193)
  • 出版日期:2021-04-20 发布日期:2021-04-25

Influences of gall-inducing insects on the physiology and metabolism of host plants

 YANG Meng-Ke, LIU Sai, QIAO Hai-Li, GUO Kun, XU Rong, XU Chang-Qing*, CHEN Jun*   

  1.  (Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China)
  • Online:2021-04-20 Published:2021-04-25

摘要:

 虫瘿是致瘿昆虫刺激植物后诱导形成的畸形结构,是研究植物与昆虫协同进化的理想材料,同时致瘿昆虫通常还是重要的农林害虫。因此,研究致瘿昆虫对寄主植物的影响,一方面可进一步揭示致瘿昆虫与植物的关系,有助于揭示成瘿植物生长的一般过程;另一方面,了解成瘿植物对致瘿昆虫的响应有助于筛选植物抗性指标、抗性基因、敏感基因等,为抗性育种提供理论基础。本文主要围绕致瘿昆虫对寄主植物光合作用、生理和代谢活动的影响等进行了综述。致瘿昆虫普遍引起寄主植物光合色素减少、光合速率降低,虫瘿内部组织中糖类、氨基酸类等初生代谢物质含量增加,虫瘿外部组织中酚类、黄酮类等非挥发性和萜类为主的挥发性次生代谢物质含量增加,寄主植物POD和SOD等保护酶活性增强,以及IAA, SA和JA等植物激素含量提高。现有研究资料显示,致瘿昆虫对寄主植物生理和代谢影响的研究仍处于初级阶段,其影响机制还需要进一步研究。

关键词: 致瘿昆虫; 寄主植物; 光合作用, 生理; 代谢, 协同进化

Abstract: Plant galls, the abnormal outgrowths of plant tissues induced by gallinducing insects, are ideal materials to investigate the co-evolution between plants and insects. Gall-inducing insects are also important pests in agriculture and forestry. Investigations into the effects of gall-inducing insects on their host plants are useful to reveal the relationships between gall-inducing insects and plants, and can also help reveal the growth process of host plants. Besides, investigations into the responses of galled plants to gall-inducing insects are helpful to screen out the resistance indexes, resistance genes and sensitive genes of plants, providing a theoretical basis for resistance breeding. This review focuses mainly on the effects of gall-inducing insects on the photosynthesis, physiology and metabolism of their host plants. Gall-inducing insects generally reduce the photosynthetic pigments and photosynthetic rate of host plants, raise the contents of primary metabolites such as sugars and amino acids in inner tissues of galls, raise the contents of secondary metabolites such as non-volatile phenols and flavonoids and volatile terpenoids in outer tissues of galls, raise the activities of protective enzymes such as POD and SOD, and raise the contents of phytohormones such as IAA, SA and JA in host plants. The current research data indicate that investigations into the influences of gallinducing insects on the physiology and metabolism of host plants are even in their infancy, and the influencing mechanisms still need to be further explore.

Key words: Gall-inducing insects, host plants, photosynthesis, physiology, metabolism, co-evolution