›› 2005, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (6): 903-909.

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

利用柞蚕卵繁殖的松毛虫赤眼蜂的适宜冷贮虫期和温度

耿金虎,沈佐锐,李正西,张帆   

  1. 中国农业大学昆虫学系
  • 出版日期:2005-12-29 发布日期:2005-12-20
  • 通讯作者: 沈佐锐

Optimal stage and temperature for cold storage of Trichogramma dendrolimi reared on Antheraea pernyi eggs

GENG Jin-Hu, SHEN Zuo-Rui, LI Zheng-Xi, ZHANG Fan   

  1. China Agricultural University
  • Online:2005-12-29 Published:2005-12-20

摘要:

我国普遍利用柞蚕Antheraea pernyi卵大量繁殖和释放赤眼蜂防治多种农林害虫。对赤眼蜂进行冷贮有助于其商品化生产、运输和释放应用。为了全面评价冷贮对柞蚕卵繁殖赤眼蜂的影响,作者采用柞蚕卵为寄主,以贮存温度(4℃、7℃、10℃和13℃)、贮存虫期(卵、幼虫、预蛹和蛹期)和贮存时间(2周、4周、6周和8周)为参试因子,研究了冷贮对松毛虫赤眼蜂Trichogramma dendrolimi羽化出蜂率、单卵出蜂数、单卵雌蜂比的影响。结果表明,3个因素均可单独或互作显著影响羽化出蜂率和单卵出蜂数,尤以贮存虫期的影响更为明显;但3个因素对单卵出蜂性比影响不大。综合各冷贮虫期对低温的反应,松毛虫赤眼蜂对10℃反应最敏感,各虫期羽化出蜂率和单卵出蜂数明显降低,不适宜长期冷贮;对7℃反应相对较不敏感,最适宜长期贮存。在适宜长期冷贮温度(4℃和7℃)条件下,适宜贮存虫期有所不同,4℃下为幼虫期和蛹期,7℃下为卵期和蛹期,在这些虫期和贮存温度条件组合下羽化出峰率和单卵出蜂数相对于其他虫期受冷贮的不利影响较小。从对羽化出蜂率的影响来看,于卵期7℃下冷贮为最适宜;从对单卵出蜂数的影响来看,于蛹期在4℃和7℃冷贮为适宜。

关键词: 柞蚕卵, 松毛虫赤眼蜂, 冷贮, 出蜂率, 平均出蜂数

Abstract:

Trichogramma wasps reared on Antheraea pernyi eggs have been widely used throughout China as biological control agent against some pests. Cold storage facilitates more effective commercial rearing, transportation and inundative releases of Trichogramma spp. The effects of storage temperature (4℃, 7℃, 10℃ and 13℃), stage (egg, larva, prepupa and pupa) and period (2 weeks, 4 weeks, 6 weeks and 8 weeks) on Trichogramma dendrolimi reared on A. pernyi eggs were investigated by comparing the adult emergence rate, number of wasps per host egg and female ratio in different combinations of storage temperature, stage and period. The results showed these three factors of storage temperature, stage and period substantially influenced the adult emergence rate, number of wasps per host egg, but not the female ratio, separately or mutually. Among all storage temperatures tested, T. dendrolimi was most susceptive to 10℃, its emergence rate was greatly impacted at this temperature, and therefore 10℃ was considered to be unfavorable temperature for long-time storage. T. dendrolimi was not susceptive to 7℃ comparatively, which could be the favorable temperature for long-time storage. Favorable storage stage for long-term storage was different at different temperatures (4℃ and 7℃). Larva and pupa stages at 4℃ and egg and pupa stages at 7℃were found to be the most appropriate stages for cold storage, and in these combinations of storage temperature and stage less adverse effects on the adult emergence rate and number of wasps per host egg were found compared with other combinations of storage temperature and stage. Evaluated by the adult emergence rate, the optimal stage and temperature combination for cold storage of  T. dendrolimi reared on A.pernyi eggs was egg stage at 7℃; while evaluated by the number of wasps per host egg, the optimal combination was   pupa stage at 4℃ and 7℃.

Key words: Antheraea pernyi, Trichogramma dendrolimi, cold storage, adult emergence rate, number of wasps per host egg