光照强度对筛豆龟蝽生长发育及繁殖的影响

doi:10.16380/j.kcxb.2019.05.013

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】为明确光照强度对筛豆龟蝽Megacopta cribraria种群生长发育及生殖力的影响，进一步探索筛豆龟蝽对光环境的适应规律。【方法】在温度24±1℃，相对湿度60%±10%，光周期16L∶8D条件下，通过测定寄主植物大豆上筛豆龟蝽在不同光照强度(500, 2 500, 4 500, 6 500, 8 500和10 500 lx)下的生长发育及繁殖指标，包括各虫态发育历期、成虫寿命、存活率、若虫期营养积累效率等；利用生命表方法进一步分析光照强度对种群趋势变化的影响。【结果】光照强度对筛豆龟蝽各虫态发育历期、存活率以及成虫生殖力等均产生显著影响。各阶段的发育历期有随光照强度增加而缩短的趋势，其发育速率和若虫期营养积累效率均与光照强度呈显著正相关。各阶段发育速率与光照强度的关系模型分别为：卵期V₁=0.129968exp(0.011310L_I) (R²=0.610, P<0.0001)，若虫期V₂=0.000767L_I+0.014182 (R²=0.980, P<0.0001)，雌虫产卵前期V₃=0.019000L_I^0.418000(R²=0.837, P<0.0001)；若虫期营养积累效率与光照强度之间符合三次函数模型y=0.0004x³-0.0064x²+0.0361x+0.0660 (R²=0.983, P<0.0001)；筛豆龟蝽种群趋势指数I随光照强度增加而显著增大，光照强度低于2 500 lx时，其种群不能完成生殖过程。【结论】光照强度可显著影响筛豆龟蝽种群生长发育及生殖力。较高的光照强度(10 500 lx)更有利于其种群数量增长，而较低的光照强度(≤2 500 lx)将导致种群逐渐消亡。

关键词: 筛豆龟蝽, 光照强度, 生命表, 发育历期, 营养积累效率, 种群趋势

Abstract: 【Aim】 To clarify the effects of light intensity on the growth, development and fecundity of Megacopta cribraria and to further explore its adaptation to light environment. 【Methods】 Under the conditions of temperature 24±1℃, relative humidity 60%±10% and photoperiod 16L∶8D, the growth, development and reproduction indexes of M. cribraria on soybean host plant, including developmental duration of each developmental stage, adult longevity, survival rate, nutrient accumulation efficiency of the nymphal stage, under different light intensities (500, 2 500, 4 500, 6 500, 8 500 and 10 500 lx) were determined, and the effects of light intensity on population trend changes were further analyzed by using life table method. 【Results】 Light intensity had significant effects on the duration of various developmental stages, survival rate and adult fecundity of M. cribraria. The developmental duration of each developmental stage had a tendency to shorten with the increase of light intensity. The developmental rate of each developmental stage and the nutrient accumulation efficiency of the nymphal stage were significantly positively correlated with light intensity. The relationships between the developmental rate of each developmental stage and light intensity were as follows: V₁=0.129968exp(0.011310L_I) (egg stage, R²=0.610, P<0.0001), V₂=0.000767L_I+0.014182 (nymphal stage, R²=0.980, P<0.0001), and V₃=0.019000L_I^0.418000(preoviposition period of female, R²=0.837, P<0.0001). The nutrient accumulation efficiency of nymphal stage and light intensity fitted the cubic function model y=0.0004x³-0.0064x²+0.0361x+0.0660 (R²=0.983, P<0.0001). The population trend index I increased significantly with the increase of light intensity. The M. cribraria population could not complete the reproductive process when the light intensity was lower than 2 500 lx. 【Conclusion】 Light intensity significantly affects the growth and fecundity of M. cribraria. Higher light intensity (10 500 lx) is more conducive to its population growth, while lower light intensity (≤2 500 lx) will lead to gradual extinction of the population.

Key words: Megacopta cribraria, light intensity, life table, developmental duration, nutrient accumulation efficiency, population trend

许喆, 崔娟, 毕锐, 高宇, 史树森. 光照强度对筛豆龟蝽生长发育及繁殖的影响[J]. 昆虫学报, 2019, 62(5): 645-652.

XU Zhe, CUI Juan, BI Rui, GAO Yu, SHI Shu-Sen. Effects of light intensity on the growth, development and reproduction of Megacopta cribraria (Hemiptera: Plataspidae)[J]. Acta Entomologica Sinica, 2019, 62(5): 645-652.

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光照强度对筛豆龟蝽生长发育及繁殖的影响

Effects of light intensity on the growth, development and reproduction of Megacopta cribraria (Hemiptera: Plataspidae)

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