昆虫学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 62 ›› Issue (7): 868-876.doi: 10.16380/j.kcxb.2019.07.010

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

印度加尔各答市区外围一地的露尾甲物种组成、多度和季节性发生(英文)

Jhikmik DASGUPTA1,*, Tarun Kumar PAL2   

  1. (Zoological Survey of India, ‘M’ Block, New Alipore, Kolkata700053, India)
  • 出版日期:2019-07-20 发布日期:2019-07-09

Species composition, abundance and seasonal occurrence of the sap beetles (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae) in a peri-urban area of Kolkata, India (In English)

Jhikmik DASGUPTA1,*, Tarun Kumar PAL2   

  1. (Zoological Survey of India, ‘M’ Block, New Alipore, Kolkata700053, India)
  • Online:2019-07-20 Published:2019-07-09

摘要:

【目的】印度大部分露尾甲在腐烂的水果和蔬菜上大量发生,其种群在一年中表现出明显的季节性波动。据推测,露尾甲种群很大程度上依赖于温度、湿度和降雨之类的环境因子。【方法】本研究调查了2013-2015年印度加尔各答市区外围一地Garia的露尾甲物种组成、季节性发生和种群结构,记录了其活跃时期、季节性多度和影响其发生的因素。【结果】调查期间在调查地共发现数目不等的6个物种。其中最常见露尾甲为Urophorus humeralis,它是个体数量最多的物种且在一年中几乎所有月份均有发生;其他常见物种为Epuraea ocularisE. luteola。不同物种在食物发酵的连续阶段进入诱捕器中。最初12 h被捕获的是Epuraea 属的种类,而在诱捕器中食物严重腐烂的后续阶段发现最多的是U. humeralis。在合适范围的气温(22~29℃)和相对湿度(82.5%~86%)下,物种丰富度最高,表明这些环境变量对露尾甲种群具有重要影响。【结论】加尔各答主要水果和蔬菜在季风后季节种植,在季风后季节取食这些作物的露尾甲发生量(物种丰富度和多度)最高。这一研究结果可能有助于制定针对这些甲虫的有效田间治理策略。

关键词: 露尾甲科, 露尾甲, 物种多样性, 季节性变化, 环境因子, 加尔各答, 印度

Abstract: 【Aim】A large majority of the sap beetle fauna of India thrives on rotten fruits and vegetables and their populations show considerable seasonal fluctuations over the year. It has been hypothesized that the population of sap beetles are largely dependent on environmental variables like temperature, humidity and rainfall. 【Methods】 The species composition, seasonal incidence and population structure of sap beetles (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae) were investigated in Garia, a peri-urban area of Kolkata, India from 2013 to 2015. Period of their activity, seasonal abundance and factors influencing their occurrence were recorded. 【Results】Altogether six species were encountered in varying numbers in the peri-urban area of Kolkata, India during the study period. The most commonly collected sap beetle was Urophorus humeralis. This species was encountered for the largest number and during almost all months of the year. Other common species were Epuraea ocularis and E. luteola. Different species entered into the trap in successive stages of the fermenting food. Epuraea spp. were intercepted in the first 12 h while U. humeralis was mostly found in later successive stage when the food in the bait trap was severely rotten. The species richness was the highest in an optimum range of atmospheric temperature (22℃ to 29℃) and relative humidity (82.5% to 86%), demonstrating that these environmental variables have considerable influence over sap beetle population.【Conclusion】Major fruits and vegetables grow during the post-monsoon season in Kolkata. Sap beetles which feed on these crops show the highest incidence both in terms of species richness and abundance during the post-monsoon season. The study result may help in designing effective field management strategy for these beetles.

Key words: Nitidulidae, sap beetles, species diversity, seasonal variation, environmental factors, Kolkata, India