昆虫学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 62 ›› Issue (8): 948-959.doi: 10.16380/j.kcxb.2019.08.007

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

低致死剂量氯虫苯甲酰胺对沟金针虫食物利用和相关生理生化指标的剂量和时间效应

何发林1, 乔治华1, 姚向峰1, 于灏泳1, 孙石昂1, 李向东1, 张吉旺2, 姜兴印1,*   

  1. (1. 山东农业大学植物保护学院, 农药毒理与应用技术省级重点实验室, 山东泰安 271018; 2. 山东农业大学农学院, 作物生物学国家重点实验室, 山东泰安 271018)
  • 出版日期:2019-08-20 发布日期:2019-08-29

Dose-response and time-effect relationships of low lethal doses of chlorantraniliprole on food utilization and related physiological and biochemical parameters in Pleonomus canaliculatus (Coleoptera: Elateridae)

HE Fa-Lin1, QIAO Zhi-Hua1, YAO Xiang-Feng1, YU Hao-Yong1, SUN Shi-Ang1, LI Xiang-Dong1, ZHANG JI-Wang2, JIANG Xing-Yin1,*    

  1.  (1. Key Laboratory of Pesticide Toxicology & Application Technique, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai′an, Shandong 271018, China; 2. State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai′an, Shandong 271018, China)
  • Online:2019-08-20 Published:2019-08-29

摘要:

 【目的】明确氯虫苯甲酰胺对沟金针虫Pleonomus canaliculatus亚致死效应的生理生化机制,阐明氯虫苯甲酰胺低致死剂量对沟金针虫食物利用、能量物质含量以及体内消化酶、保护酶和解毒酶活力的影响。【方法】室内采用土壤混药法测定氯虫苯甲酰胺对沟金针虫3龄幼虫毒力,并测定了氯虫苯甲酰胺LC10, LC25和LC40低致死剂量对沟金针虫3龄幼虫营养指标和体内能量物质含量的影响;采用酶动力学法检测了氯虫苯甲酰胺低致死剂量处理1, 6, 12, 24, 48和72 h后沟金针虫3龄幼虫体内消化酶(蛋白酶、α-淀粉酶、脂肪酶、海藻糖酶)、保护酶(CAT, POD和SOD)以及解毒酶(CarE, MFO和GST)活力的动态变化。【结果】氯虫苯甲酰胺对沟金针虫3龄幼虫有较高毒力,其LC50值为1.2397 mg/kg。LC10和LC40剂量氯虫苯甲酰胺处理沟金针虫3龄幼虫后,平均相对生长率(MRGR)和近似消化率(AD)显著降低,严重干扰其对食物的利用;LC10, LC25和LC40剂量处理后沟金针虫3龄幼虫体内主要的能量物质(蛋白质、脂质、碳水化合物、海藻糖)含量和消化酶活力均明显降低,而解毒酶和保护酶活力显著增加,最终延缓其生长发育。【结论】氯虫苯甲酰胺对沟金针虫幼虫具有很高的杀虫活性,低致死剂量氯虫苯甲酰胺处理沟金针虫幼虫后,通过抑制消化酶活性,使其对食物的利用能力降低和生长发育延缓,以及诱导解毒酶和保护酶活性来阻止外界毒物侵害。研究结果为阐明氯虫苯甲酰胺对沟金针虫的亚致死效应机制及作用机理提供了一定的理论基础。

关键词: 沟金针虫, 氯虫苯甲酰胺, 毒力, 亚致死效应, 消化酶, 保护酶, 解毒酶, 酶活力

Abstract: 【Aim】 To explore the physiological and biochemical mechanism of the sublethal effect of chlorantraniliprole against Pleonomus canaliculatus, and to elucidate the effects of low lethal doses of chlorantraniliprole on food utilization, the contents of biochemical substances used as energy sources and the activities of digestive enzymes, protective enzymes and detoxification enzymes in P. canaliculatus larvae. 【Methods】 The toxicity of chlorantraniliprole against the 3rd instar larvae of P. canaliculatus was determined by soil mixed pesticide method in the laboratory. The effects of chlorantraniliprole at the LC10, LC25 and LC40 doses on the nutritional indices and contents of biochemical substances used as energy sources in P. canaliculatus larvae were determined. The dynamic changes in the activities of digestive enzymes (protease, α-amylase, lipase and trehalase), protective enzymes (CAT, POD and SOD) and detoxifying enzymes (CarE, MFO and GST) in the 3rd instar larvae of P. canaliculatus at 1, 6, 12, 24, 48 and 72 h after exposure to chlorantraniliprole were detected by enzyme kinetic method. 【Results】 Chlorantraniliprole had higher toxicity to the 3rd instar larvae of P. canaliculatus, with the LC50 value of 1.2397 mg/kg. The mean relative growth rate (MRGR) and approximate digestibility (AD) were significantly decreased when the 3rd instar larvae of P. canaliculatus were exposed to LC25 and LC40 of chlorantraniliprole, leading to serious disturbance of their food utilization. Chlorantraniliprole at LC10, LC25 and LC40 doses significantly decreased the contents of protein, lipid, carbohydrate and trehalose, and the activities of protease, α-amylase, lipase and trehalose, significantly increased the activities of detoxifying enzymes (CarE, MFO and GST) and protective enzymes (CAT, POD and SOD) in the 3rd instar larvae of P. canaliculatus treated with these doses of chlorantraniliprole, and caused the delayed growth and development of the treated larvae. 【Conclusion】 Chlorantraniliprole has high insecticidal activity against P. canaliculatus larvae. In P. canaliculatus larvae exposed to low lethal doses of chlorantraniliprole, the activities of digestive enzymes are inhibited, resulting in the reduction of food utilization and delaying the growth and development of P. canaliculatus, and the activities of detoxifying and protective enzymes are induced, preventing the invasion of external toxicants. These results provide a theoretical basis for elucidating the mechanisms of sublethal effect and action of chlorantraniliprole against P. canaliculatus.

Key words:  Pleonomus canaliculatus; chlorantraniliprole, toxicity, sublethal effects, digestive enzyme, protective enzyme, detoxifying enzyme, enzyme activity