昆虫学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 63 ›› Issue (12): 1452-1460.doi: 10.16380/j.kcxb.2020.12.003

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

意大利蜜蜂胸部肌肉的胚后发育

李兆英*, 孙婧, 张敏, 解书钦, 同利娟, 王舒闻   

  1. (陕西学前师范学院生命科学与食品工程学院, 西安 710100)
  • 出版日期:2020-12-20 发布日期:2021-01-14

Postembryonic development of the thoracic muscles of Apis mellifera ligustica (Hymenoptera: Apidae)

LI Zhao-Ying*, SUN Jing, ZHANG Min, XIE Shu-Qin, TONG Li-Juan, WANG Shu-Wen   

  1.  (Life Science and Food Engineering College, Shaanxi Xueqian Normal University, Xi′an 710100, China)
  • Online:2020-12-20 Published:2021-01-14

摘要: 【目的】通过对意大利蜜蜂Apis mellifera ligustica (简称“意蜂”)胸部肌肉胚后发育过程组织结构特点的比较研究,为动物肌肉的发育及病理学的研究提供一定的理论证据,也为昆虫作为肌肉再生便利模型的可能性提供理论基础。【方法】通过HE染色和BrdU免疫组织化学染色技术,对意蜂胸部肌肉系统的胚后发育过程及组织结构特点进行观察和比较。【结果】意蜂幼虫胸部的肌肉源于胚胎发育过程中形成的成肌细胞,肌肉的发育是通过融合型成肌细胞和奠基细胞的融合以及成肌细胞和肌细胞的分裂增殖完成的。在意蜂蛹发育早期,大部分的幼虫肌肉退化消失。成虫胸部的肌肉源于2个成肌细胞群的3个成肌细胞巢,其中,背纵肌主要源于背侧扇形细胞群的1个成肌细胞巢,其他肌肉源于腹侧纺锤形细胞群的2个成肌细胞巢。成肌细胞巢中的成虫成肌细胞不断地分裂增殖,形成的细胞向特定的方向扩展、延伸,并生成肌丝,形成肌纤维,最后多个肌纤维形成肌肉束,并最终构成成虫胸部的全部肌肉。【结论】意蜂幼虫和成虫的肌肉具有不同的发育方式,肌肉的形成模式同果蝇存在差异。

关键词: 意大利蜜蜂, 胸部肌肉, 5-溴-2-脱氧脲嘧啶, 胚后发育, 免疫组织化学

Abstract: 【Aim】 This study aims to understand the postembryonic development of the thoracic muscles of the Italian honey bee, Apis mellifera ligustica, so as to provide some theoretical support for the study of animal muscle development and pathology, and to present a valuable insect model system to investigate muscle regeneration in vivo. 【Methods】 The postembryonic developmental process and structure characteristics of the thoracic muscles of A. m. ligustica were observed and compared by using hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining and 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation. 【Results】 The thoracic muscles of A. m. ligustica larvae are derived from myoblasts formed during embryonic development. Muscle development is accomplished through the fusion of fusion-competent myoblasts (FCMs) and founder cells (FCs), and the division of myoblasts and muscle cells. In the early stages of the development of A. m. ligustica pupa, most of the larval muscles degenerate and disappear. Adult thoracic muscles originate from three myoblast nests of two muscle cell groups, of which dorsal longitudinal muscles (DLMs) mainly originate from one myoblast nest of dorsal fan-shaped cell group, and other muscles originate from two myoblast nests of the ventral spindle cell group. Adult myoblasts of the myoblast nest continuously divide and proliferate. These divided cells expand and extend in specific directions. These cells become muscle fibers after the myofilaments are formed, and then multiple cells form a muscle bundle. These muscle bundles make up the entire muscles of the adult thorax. 【Conclusion】 The developmental modes of muscles of A. m. ligustica are different between its larvae and adults, and also different from those of Drosophila.

Key words: Apis mellifera ligustica, thoracic muscles, BrdU, postembryonic development, immunohistochemsitry