Abstract: The studies on biological control of insect pests and its applications in southern China since 1949 were reviewed in this paper. Mass production of Trichogramma spp. With eggs of Philosamia cynthia ricini Boisd to control sugarcane borers has made great success since 1950s, and contributed a valuable experience for the mass production of parasitoids later with Antheraea pernyi eggs. Releasing Anastatus sp. For controling of Tessaratoma papilosa Drury has significantly relieved the damage of pests in Lichee production. Introduction of natural enemies such as Rodolia cardinalis Muls., Cryptolaemus montrouzieri Muls., and Coccobius azumai Tachikawa to control Icerya purchasi, Pseudococcus sp., and Hemiberlesa pitysophila respectively are well known as successful examples of biological control in China. The control of citrus insect pests with Oecophylla smaragdina, the earlist biological control practice in China, has been developed and expanded in citrus orchards. The integrated control of rice insect pests has been carried out in the Dasha Township of Sihui County, Guangdong Province for 26 years since 1973, and made great achievements both in theory and practice. The fundamental and applied researches of insect pathogens, including the control of mosquito with B.t.I., discovery and application of DpCPV, isolation and production of SlNPV, and mass reproduction and application of nematodes, have made significant contributions in fighting against agricultural insect pests. Raising toxicity level and expanding insect killing spectrum of pathogens through gene recombinant has also made significant progress.

Key words: biological control, integrated pest management, Trichogramma, Anastatus sp., ladybug, Coccobius azumai, Oecophylla smaragdina, pathogens