昆虫学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 62 ›› Issue (3): 343-350.doi: 10.16380/j.kcxb.2019.03.008

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

施钾与蚜虫取食诱导的水杨酸对马铃薯抗虫性的影响

徐松鹤1, 李丽娜2, 白雪1, 郭美兰1, 任琴1,*   

  1. (1. 集宁师范学院生命科学学院, 内蒙古乌兰察布 012000; 2. 河北农业大学生命科学学院, 河北保定 071001)
  • 出版日期:2019-03-20 发布日期:2019-03-14

Effect of potassium application and aphid feeding-induced salicylic acid on insect resistance in potato

XU Song-He1, LI Li-Na2, BAI Xue1, GUO Mei-Lan1, REN Qin1,*   

  1.  (1. School of Life Sciences, Jining Normal University, Wulanqab, Inner Mongolia 012000, China; 2. College of Life Sciences, Hebei Agriculture University, Baoding, Hebei 071001, China)
  • Online:2019-03-20 Published:2019-03-14

摘要:

【目的】探讨施钾条件下,蚜虫取食诱导的水杨酸在促进马铃薯Solanum tuberosum抗虫性方面的作用机制,为提高作物抗虫性提供科学依据。【方法】施钾(外施硫酸钾6 g/株)、虫害(桃蚜Myzus persicae取食, 5头成虫/株)、施钾+虫害及外源水杨酸(浓度分别为15, 30和45 μmol/L,喷施量20 mL/株)条件下,测定马铃薯叶片中水杨酸和脯氨酸含量、苯丙氨酸解氨酶(PAL)活性及抗氧化酶[过氧化物酶(POD)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)]活性。【结果】结果表明:与未处理对照相比,施钾、虫害、施钾+虫害处理后马铃薯叶片中内源水杨酸含量分别增加了1.1,1.3和1.5倍,PAL活性分别增加了23.3%, 22.3%和35.0%。在施钾、虫害、施钾+虫害3个处理中,施钾+虫害处理的马铃薯叶片中内源水杨酸含量和PAL活性均为最高。用不同浓度外源水杨酸喷施马铃薯叶片,不论是否施钾,用浓度为15 μmol/L水杨酸喷施马铃薯植株后,其SOD活性均显著高于对照组。施钾后除喷施30 μmol/L水杨酸溶液外,喷施15和45 μmol/L水杨酸溶液的马铃薯植株POD活性均显著高于各自对照,活性分别为各自对照的1.7和1.8倍。施钾组中CAT活性在15和30 μmol/L水杨酸喷施后均显著高于对照,分别为对照的1.3和1.5倍。喷施15 μmol/L水杨酸后,马铃薯叶片中脯氨酸含量(1.2 OD/g pro)较对照(0.4 OD/g pro)显著升高。【结论】虫害、施钾+虫害处理均能提高马铃薯叶片中水杨酸含量和PAL活性。15 μmol/L外源水杨酸显著提高了施钾组中POD, SOD和CAT活性及脯氨酸含量,说明15 μmol/L是所用最适水杨酸浓度,该浓度下水杨酸与施钾具有正交互作用。结果提示虫害与施钾共同作用能增强水杨酸信号途径,从而提高植物的抗虫性。

关键词: 马铃薯, 水杨酸, 钾肥, 桃蚜, 抗氧化酶; 脯氨酸含量

Abstract: 【Aim】 This study aims to explore the mechanism of aphid feeding-induced salicylic acid (SA) in improving the insect resistance of potato (Solanum tuberosum) under potassium application, so as to provide the scientific basis for insect resistance in crops. 【Methods】 The endogenous contents of SA and proline, and the activities of phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) and antioxidases including peroxidase (POD), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) in potato leaves after potassium application (6 g potassium sulphate/plant), insect damage (aphid feeding, 5 adults of Myzus persicae/plant), potassium application plus aphid feeding, and spraying exogenous SA (20 mL/plant at the concentrations of 15, 30 and 45 μmol/L, respectively) were measured. 【Results】 The results showed that the SA contents in potato leaves in the treatment groups of potassium application, aphid feeding, and potassium application plus aphid feeding were 1.1, 1.3, and 1.5fold higher than that in the untreated control, respectively, and the PAL activities in these treatment groups were increased by 23.3%, 223% and 35.0% as compared to that in the untreated control, respectively. Both the SA content and PAL activity in potato leaves with potassium application plus aphid feeding were the highest among the above three treatments. Irrespective of potassium application, the SOD activities in potato leaves were increased significantly when the potato plants were sprayed with 15 μmol/L SA. After potassium application, the POD activities in potato leaves treated with SA at the doses of 15 and 45 μmol/L were 1.7- and 1.8-fold as high as those of the corresponding controls, respectively. Similarly, the CAT activities in potato leaves in potassium application group treated with SA at the doses of 15 and 30 μmol/L were 1.3- and 1.5-fold as high as those of the control groups, respectively. After 15 μmol/L exogenous SA was sprayed on potato leaves, the proline content in the treatment group (1.2 OD/g pro) was significantly higher than that in the control group (0.4 OD/g pro). 【Conclusion】 Both treatments of aphid feeding and potassium application plus aphid feeding significantly enhance the endogenous SA content and the PAL activity in potato leaves. Spraying exogenous SA at the dose of 15 μmol/L on potato leaves can significantly increase the activities of anoxidases including POD, SOD and CAT and the proline content in the potassium application group, indicating that 15 μmol/L SA is the most suitable treatment concentration. At this treatment concentration a positive interaction between applying potassium and SA happens. The results suggest that both aphid feeding and potassium application can increase the SA signal pathways and so enhance plant resistance to pest insects.

Key words: Solanum tuberosum, salicylic acid, potassium fertilizer, Myzus persicae, anoxidase, proline content