昆虫学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 66 ›› Issue (9): 1201-1209.doi: 10.16380/j.kcxb.2023.09.007

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

草地贪夜蛾雌性先熟现象的稳定性及影响因素分析

毕思佳, 胡本进, 胡飞, 徐婷婷, 徐丽娜*   

  1. (安徽省农业科学院植物保护与农产品质量安全研究所, 合肥 230031)
  • 出版日期:2023-09-20 发布日期:2023-09-27

Analysis on the stability and influencing factors of protogyny of Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

BI Si-Jia, HU Ben-Jin, HU Fei, XU Ting-Ting, XU Li-Na*#br#   

  1. (Institute of Plant Protection and Agro-products Safety, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China)
  • Online:2023-09-20 Published:2023-09-27

摘要:  【目的】在性二型昆虫发育历期的研究中雄性先熟更为常见,雌性先熟报道较少。草地贪夜蛾Spodoptera frugiperda是玉米上的重大迁飞性害虫,在发育历期上存在雌性先熟现象。本研究旨在明确该现象的稳定性并探索其影响因素,为草地贪夜蛾的准确监测和早期预警提供理论依据。【方法】分析草地贪夜蛾在16L∶8D, 14L∶10D和8L∶16D 3种光周期及玉米叶、花生叶和人工饲料3种食物条件下的生长发育情况,并对不同光周期和食物条件下饲养的草地贪夜蛾卵巢进行解剖;同时选择夜蛾科(Noctuidae)粘虫Mythimna separata和斜纹夜蛾S. litura与草地贪夜蛾的生长发育情况进行比较,评价雌性先熟现象是否为具有迁飞习性的夜蛾科昆虫的共性。【结果】3种夜蛾科迁飞性昆虫中仅有草地贪夜蛾雌成虫显著早于雄成虫羽化,提前1.28 d,且该羽化现象在不同光周期和不同食物条件下稳定存在,仅在草地贪夜蛾取食花生叶时呈现弱化趋势。解剖发现,不同光周期和不同食物条件下,初羽化的草地贪夜蛾成虫卵巢始终处于未成熟期,不随外在条件的变化而改变。草地贪夜蛾雌蛹发育显著快于雄蛹是造成草地贪夜蛾两性羽化时间差异的主要原因,且该差异与两性蛹重正相关:与雌蛹重相比,草地贪夜蛾雄蛹重显著增加9.88%。【结论】草地贪夜蛾雌性先熟现象较为稳定,光周期和食物不会改变该现象但会影响两性羽化时间的差异程度,雌性先熟现象并非具有迁飞习性的夜蛾科昆虫的共性。

关键词: 草地贪夜蛾, 雌性先熟, 蛹重, 光周期, 食物, 生长发育

Abstract: 【Aim】 Protandry was more common in studies on developmental duration of sex dimorphic insects, and protogyny was less reported. The fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda is a severe migratory pest on maize, and there is a phenomenon of protogyny in its developmental duration. The purpose of this study is to clarify the stability of this phenomenon and explore its influencing factors, so as to provide a theoretical basis for the accurate monitoring and early warning of S. frugiperda.【Methods】 The growth and development of S. frugiperda under three photoperiods (16L∶8D, 14L∶10D and 8L∶16D) and three food conditions (maize leaves, peanut leaves and artificial diet) were analyzed, and the ovaries of S. frugiperda reared under different photoperiods and food conditions were dissected. Moreover, the growth and development of Mythimna separata, S. litura and S. frugiperda in Noctuidae were compared to evaluate whether the protogyny was the commonness of Noctuidae insects with migratory habits.【Results】 In the comparison of three Noctuidae migratory insects, only the female adults of S. frugiperda eclosed significantly earlier (1.28 d ahead) than the male adults, and the eclosion phenomenon was stable under different photoperiods and food conditions, and only showed a weakening trend when S. frugiperda fed on peanut leaves. It was found that the ovaries of the newly eclosed adults of S. frugiperda were always immature under different photoperiods and food conditions, and did not change with external conditions. The development of female pupa of S. frugiperda was significantly faster than that of male pupa, which was the main reason for the difference in eclosion time between the two sexes of S. frugiperda, and the difference was positively correlated with the pupal weight of the two sexes: Compared with the female pupal weight, the male pupal weight of S. frugiperda increased significantly by 9.88%.【Conclusion】 The phenomenon of protogyny of S. frugiperda is relatively stable. Photoperiod and food will not change this phenomenon, but will affect the difference of eclosion time between the two sexes, and protogyny is not the commonness of Noctuidae insects with migratory habits.

Key words: Spodoptera frugiperda; protogyny, pupal weight, photoperiod, food, growth and development