昆虫学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 68 ›› Issue (7): 935-946.doi: 10.16380/j.kcxb.2025.07.007

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

三种植物源化合物对杂拟谷盗成虫的驱避作用及其嗅觉相关基因的影响

石丹妮1,#, 常静1,#, 康鹏1, 马崇勇2, 李海平1,*   

  1. (1. 内蒙古农业大学园艺与植物保护学院, 呼和浩特 010019; 2. 内蒙古自治区林业和草原有害生物防治检疫总站, 呼和浩特 010020)
  • 出版日期:2025-07-20 发布日期:2025-08-25

Repellent activities of three plant-derived compounds against adult Tribolium confusum (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) and their effects on its olfaction-related genes

SHI Dan-Ni1,#, CHANG Jing1,#, KANG Peng1, MA Chong-Yong2, LI Hai-Ping1,*   

  1. (1. College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010019, China; 2. Forestry and Grassland Pest Control and Quarantine Station of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot 010020, China)
  • Online:2025-07-20 Published:2025-08-25

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摘要： 【目的】为阐明3种植物源化合物新狼毒素A、百里香酚和印楝素对杂拟谷盗Tribolium confusum成虫的驱避作用及其嗅觉相关基因的影响。【方法】测定杂拟谷盗成虫对0.005, 0.05, 0.5, 5和50 μg/μL新狼毒素A、百里香酚和印楝素的触角电位(electroantennogram，EAG)反应相对值；利用Y型嗅觉仪测定杂拟谷盗成虫对0.5, 5和50 μg/μL新狼毒素A、百里香酚和印楝素的嗅觉行为反应；采用滤纸药膜法测定20, 30, 40, 50和60 mg/L的新狼毒素A、百里香酚和印楝素对杂拟谷盗成虫的驱避率；利用RNA-Seq对致死中浓度(median lethal concentration, LC50)(28.37 mg/L)新狼毒素A、LC50(51.05 mg/L)百里香酚和LC50(42.20 mg/L)印楝素刺激下的杂拟谷盗成虫头部转录组进行测序比较分析。【结果】杂拟谷盗成虫的EAG反应相对值与新狼毒素A、百里香酚和印楝素浓度成正比，在最大浓度50 μg/μL时新狼毒素A、百里香酚和印楝素引起的杂拟谷盗成虫EAG反应相对值分别为1.61, 2.69和2.34 mV，选择率分别为86.48%, 73.89%和78.33%。60 mg/L百里香酚处理2和4 h时对杂拟谷盗成虫的驱避率均最高，分别为74.67%和80.82%，驱避等级分别达到了Ⅳ和Ⅴ级。百里香酚、新狼毒素A和印楝素处理后杂拟谷盗成虫头部转录组与对照组相比分别筛选到569, 597和661个差异表达基因，分别有412, 434和498个差异表达基因注释到GO功能，分别匹配到26, 33和32条KEGG通路。经百里香酚、新狼毒素A和印楝素处理后分别有13, 4和5个嗅觉相关的基因发生差异表达。【结论】本研究确定了3种植物源化合物对杂拟谷盗成虫的驱避作用，同时测得了杂拟谷盗头部转录组，推测差异表达基因可能在3种植物源化合物驱避杂拟谷盗的过程中发挥着重要作用。

关键词:  杂拟谷盗, 植物源化合物, 驱避作用, 转录组, 差异表达基因, 嗅觉相关基因

Abstract: 【Aim】To elucidate the repellent activities of three plant-derived compounds neochamaejasmine A, thymol and azadirachtin against adult Tribolium confusum and their effects on its olfaction-related genes. 【Methods】 The relative electroantennogram (EAG) response values of T. confusum adults to 0.005, 0.05, 0.5, 5 and 50 μg/μL neochamaejasmine A, thymol and azadirachtin were measured. The olfactory behavior responses of T. confusum adults to neochamaejasmine A, thymol and azadirachtin at the concentrations of 0.5, 5 and 50 μg/μL were studied by Y-tube olfactometer. Impregnated filter paper method was used to determine the repellent rates of 20, 30, 40, 50 and 60 mg/L neochamaejasmine A, thymol and azadirachtin to T. confusum adults. Transcriptomes of the head of T. confusum adults treated with median lethal concentration (LC50)(28.37 mg/L) neochamaejasmine A, LC50(51.05 mg/L) thymol and LC50(42.20 mg/L) azadirachtin were sequenced and comparatively analyzed using RNA-Seq. 【Results】The relative EAG response value of T. confusum adults was proportional to the concentrations of neochamaejasmine A, thymol and azadirachtin. At the maximum concentration of 50 μg/μL, neochamaejasmine A, thymol and azadirachtin resulted in the relative EAG response values of T. confusum adults of 1.61, 2.69 and 2.34 mV, respectively, and the selection rates of 86.48%, 73.89% and 78.33%, respectively. The repellent rates (74.67% and 80.82%, respectively) of 60 mg/L thymol to T. confusum adults were the highest at 2 and 4 h, and the repellent grades reached grades Ⅳ and Ⅴ, respectively. After treatment with thymol, neochamaejasmine A and azadirachtin, there were 569, 597 and 661 differentially expressed genes in the head transcriptomes of T. confusum adults, respectively, 412, 434 and 498 differentially expressed genes were annotated with GO function, respectively, and the differentially expressed genes were identified to 26, 33 and 32 KEGG pathways, respectively, compared with the control group. Thirteen, four and five olfaction-related genes with differential expression were found after treatment with thymol, neochamaejasmine A and azadirachtin, respectively. 【Conclusion】In this study, the repellent activities of the three plant-derived compounds to T. confusum adults were determined and the head transcriptome of T. confusum adults was sequenced. It is speculated that the differentially expressed genes may play an important role in T. confusum repelling the three plant-derived compounds.

Key words: Tribolium confusum, plant-derived compounds, repellent activity, transcriptome, differentially expressed genes, olfaction-related gene

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