关键词: 大豆蚜, 嗅觉感器, 触角电位, 嗅觉部位, 蚜虫信息素, 植物挥发性物质

Abstract: Observation were made on the morphology of antennal sensilla ofAphis glycines using scanning electron microscopy. Apterae have antennal sensilla similar to those of the alatae. A group of four, stout and often blunt-ended hairs appear at the tip of the antenna. A flattened sense organ (primary rhinarium) is located on the fifth antennal segment and that on the sixth segment there are four sensilla coeloconica and two sensilla placodea. They are ringed with a fringe of cuticle of which the finger-like extensions might function as a protective sieve against the entry of undesirable particles. Secondary rhinaria consist of sensilla placoidearesembling that on the fifth antennal segment, but without the elaborate fringe. Alatae differ even more markedly from apterae by possession of several to many secondary rhinaria on the flagellum. There were many secondary rhinaria on the third and the fourth, even the fifth segment in male A. glycines. The olfactory site of tested chemicals were analyszed by making use of EAGtechnique. It is demonstrated that primary rhinarium on the sixth antennal segment in slate virginoparae responds to terpene derivatives (their alcohols, aldehydes and esters), but not to terpene hydrocarbons, while the rhinarium on the fifth segment responds to terpene hydrocarbons and not to terpene derivatives. Green leaf volatiles and aromatic compounds were perceived by primary rhinaria on both segments, but the intensities of olfactory responses to the chemicals in each rhinarium are different. Besides the primary rhinaria on the two segments, receptor cells which responded strongly to (E)-2-hexenal and l-hexanal were found on other sensilla, which might be the trichodea (lima) and the small placodea (0.8 μm) on the fifth segment. However, there was no direct electrophysiological evidence for it. Primary rhinarium on the sixth segment consists of main olfactory receptors for 3-octen-l-ol; moreover, trichodeum and small placodeum on the some segment might also contribute to the sensory response to 3-octen-l-ol. Primary rhinarium on the sixth egment: was proved to be the sensory site for (E)-β-farnesene in slate and apterous virgenoparae. Caryophyllene, which is an inhibitor of alarming pheromone, and (E)-β-farnesene could evoke a weak response in the secondary rhinaria on the third segment, and the primary rhinarium in apterous virginoparae.

Key words: Aphis glycines, olfactory sensillum, electroantennogram, olfactory site, aphid pheromone, plant volatiles