›› 2003, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (6): 705-712.

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

转Bt基因棉和转Bt+CpTI双价基因棉对棉田主要害虫及其天敌种群动态的 影响

孙长贵, 张青文,徐静,王因霞,刘俊丽   

  • 出版日期:2003-12-20 发布日期:2003-12-20

Effects of transgenic Bt cotton and transgenic Bt+CpTI cotton on populat ion dynamics of main cotton pests and their natural enemies

SUN Chang-Gui, ZHANG Qing-Wen*, XU Jing, WANG Yin-Xia, LIU Jun-Li   

  • Online:2003-12-20 Published:2003-12-20
  • Contact: ZHANG QingWen

摘要: 2002年4~10月,在北京西北旺中国农科院实验园区系统研究了单价转基因棉GK321(CryIAc)和双价转基因棉SGK321CryIAc+CpTI)对棉田主要害虫及其天敌种群动态的影响。试验设三种处理:单价转基因棉田(单价棉田)、双价转基因棉田(双价棉田)和常规对照棉(石远321)田(常规棉田)。在棉花的整个生育期系统调查棉田主要害虫及其天敌的种群数量。结果表明,单、双价棉田棉铃虫的发生数量都显著低于常规棉田;双价棉抗虫性在棉铃虫第2代发生期和单价棉无差异,但第3代发生期双价棉田内棉铃虫幼虫百株累计量比单价棉田减少了36.6%,抗虫性明显优于单价转基因棉。两种转基因棉田内非靶标害虫的发生量明显高于对照棉田的发生量,每种非靶标害虫在双价棉田和单价棉田发生数量多少因种类而异。双价棉田和单价棉田相比,棉蚜、棉叶蝉和棉粉虱的累计发生数量分别减少了33.0%、50.6%和22.7%,前两种差异极显著,后一种差异不显著;棉蓟马和绿盲蝽分别增加了208.9%和18.4%,前者差异显著,后者差异不显著。大多数天敌(包括捕食性和寄生性)在转基因棉田内发生数量显著低于常规棉田的发生数量。双价棉田内的龟纹瓢虫、棉蚜茧蜂和卵形异绒螨比单价棉田分别减少30.4%、42.8%和46.8%,差异均显著;草蛉卵和蜘蛛比单价棉田分别减少20.0%和27.4%,但差异不显著;双价棉田内的中华草蛉和小花蝽分别比单价棉田增加了27.0%和8.9%,前者差异显著,后者差异不显著。所以,单、双价转基因棉相比,对不同天敌的影响差异较大。

关键词: 单价转基因棉, 双价转基因棉, 害虫, 天敌, 种群动态

Abstract: Systematic studies were carried out on effects of univalent transgenic cotton(GK321) containing the gene CryIAc and bivalent transgenic cotton (SGK321) carrying the genes CryIAc+CpTI on population dynamics of the main pests and their enemies in experimental fields of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (Xibeiwang, Beijing) from April to October in 2002 This experiment included three treatments. The first was a univalent transgenic cotton plot (UTCP), the second a bivalent transgenic cotton plot (BTCP), and the third a routine cotton plot (RCP). The results indicated that both univalent and bivalent transgenic cottons were excellently resistant to the cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera. There was no significant difference in resistance between bivalent and univalent transgenic cottons in the second generation of cotton bollworm; but the resistance of bivalent cotton was significantly higher than that of univalent cotton in the third generation: number of larvae in bivalent cotton plot decreased by 36.6% compared with univalent cotton plot. The populations of nontarget pests in transgenic plots were significantly higher than those in normal cotton plot; with regard to individual pest species, number in bivalent and univalent transgenic plots was different. Compared with univalent cotton plot, Aphis gossypii Glover, Empoaca biguttula Shiraki and Bemisia tabaci Gennadius in bivalent transgenic cotton plot decreased in individual number respectively by 33.0% (P<0.01), 50.6% (P<0.01) and 22.7% (P>005), but Thrips tabaci Lindeman and Lygus lucorum MeyerDür increased respectively by 208.9% (P<0.01) and 18.4% (P>0.05). The population sizes of majority of natural enemies (including predatory and parasitic enemies) investigated were significantly lower in transgenic otton plots than in normal cotton plot. Compared with univalent cotton plot, Propylaea japonica(Thunberg), Lysiphlebia japonicus Ashmead and Allothrombium ovatum in bivalent transgenic cotton plot decreased in individual number significantly by 30.4%, 42.8% and 46.8% respectively. Eggs of Chrysopa sinica Tjeder and Araneida decreased respectively by 20.0% and 27.4% with no significance; Chrysopa sinica Tjeder and Orius minutus Linnaeus increased respectively by 27.0% significantly and 8.9% with no significance.

Key words: Univalent transgenic cotton, bivalent transgenic cotton, pests, natural enemies, population dynamics