关键词: 枣实蝇, 羽化, 交尾, 产卵, 发育起点温度, 有效积温

Abstract: The ber fruit fly, Carpomya vesuviana Costa, is currently listed as a quarantine pest which is prohibited into China, and its occurrence has led to disastrous damage to Ziziphus, especially its larvae feed sarcocarp, affecting the quality and commodity price of jujube products. The biological characteristics of the ber fruit fly, including eclosion, mating, oviposition and the effective accumulated temperature, were studied through field survey and laboratory observation in Xinjiang. The results showed that the process of eclosion can be divided into four stages: cracking and crawling out pupal shell, crawling around, wing stretching and flying. About 86.3% eclosion of the ber fruit fly mainly occurred from 8:00 to 11:00, and the peak time was around 10:00. The mating process lasted about 309.00±8.46 min, with the peak time occurring at 11:00-12:00 and 20:00-21:00. Oviposition consists of four stages, i.e., orientation, puncture, ovulation and ending, with the average time about 8.20±0.51 min. Fewer eggs were laid before 9:00 and after 21:00. The highest number of eggs laid per female per day was 16, the average number of eggs laid per female per day was 6-9, and 1-6 eggs were laid in each oviposition aperture. The developmental threshold temperature and effective accumulated temperature were different during each stage (egg, 13.75℃and 48.18 day-degrees; pupa, 6.38℃and 357.17 day-degrees; from egg to pupa, 8.78℃ and 283.29 day-degrees; larva, 6.39℃ and 245.61 day-degrees, respectively). This study provides basic data for further studying and sustainable control of this serious pest.

Key words: Carpomya vesuviana, eclosion, mating, oviposition, developmental threshold temperature, effective accumulated temperature