›› 2015, Vol. 58 ›› Issue (2): 169-174.

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

温度和食料对白眉野草螟幼虫生长发育的影响

张云慧1, 彭赫1, 张智1,2, 李祥瑞1, 刘勇3, 王海英4,原国辉4, 程登发1,*   

  1. (1. 中国农业科学院植物保护研究所, 植物病虫害生物学国家重点实验室, 北京 100193; 2. 北京市植物保护站, 北京 100029; 3. 山东农业大学植物保护学院, 山东泰安 271018; 4. 山东省莱州市植物保护站, 山东莱州 261400)
  • 出版日期:2015-02-20 发布日期:2015-02-20
  • 作者简介:张云慧,女,1980年12月生,博士,副研究员,研究方向为昆虫生态学,E-mail: yhzhang@ippcaas.cn

Effects of temperature and food on the growth and development of larvae of Agriphila aeneociliella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)

ZHANG Yun-Hui1, PENG He1, ZHANG Zhi1,2, LI Xiang-Rui1, LIU Yong3, WANG Hai-Ying4, YUAN Guo-Hui4, CHENG Deng-Fa1,*   

  1. (1. State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Disease and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; 2. Beijing Plant Protection Station, Beijing 100029, China; 3. College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, Shandong 271018, China; 4. Plant Protection Station of Laizhou, Laizhou, Shandong 261400, China)
  • Online:2015-02-20 Published:2015-02-20

摘要: 【目的】白眉野草螟 Agriphila aeneociliella  (Eversmann)是近年在我国小麦上新发现的一种害虫,以幼虫在小麦茎基部取食危害,造成缺苗断垄,对我国小麦的安全生产构成潜在的威胁。本研究旨在明确温度和食料对其生长发育的影响,对该害虫的预测预报和有效防控具有重要的指导意义。【方法】在光周期14L:10D,RH 70%±5%的条件下,设置系列恒定温度,用小麦作饲料,记录和分析不同温度下幼虫各龄的发育历期、存活率,明确其发育起点温度、有效积温;设置温度25℃,光周期14L:10D,RH 70%±5%的条件,分别用小麦、玉米和人工饲料饲养,分析不同食料对其生长发育和成活率的影响。【结果】在恒温(13~29℃)范围内,白眉野草螟幼虫发育历期随温度升高而逐渐缩短,存活率没有明显差异;在恒温33℃,该虫不能完成幼虫期生长发育而死亡。不同食料饲养后,幼虫各龄发育历期存在显著差异,顺序为取食小麦<取食玉米<取食人工饲料,尤其是1-3龄幼虫差异最为明显,取食小麦、玉米的4-6龄幼虫发育历期差异未到达显著水平,但显著低于取食人工饲料的幼虫。【结论】白眉野草螟幼虫具有很强的温度适应能力,不同温度对其发育历期具有显著的影响;在目前白眉野草螟发生危害区的主要粮食作物中,小麦为其最适宜寄主,室内条件下取食玉米也能完成幼虫期的生长发育。本研究为制定白眉野草螟在我国的潜在发生危害区提供了理论数据,为田间种群动态变化的预测预报和综合治理提供了技术支撑。

关键词: 白眉野草螟, 温度, 食料, 生长发育, 发育历期, 发育起点温度, 有效积温

Abstract: 【Aim】 Agriphila aeneociliella (Eversmann) has become an important pest in China in recent years, causing sprout deficiency by the larval feeding on the wheat stem, and has a potential threat to wheat. This study seeks to determine the effect of temperature and foods on the growth and development of A. aeneociliella larvae so as to provide a basis for its population monitoring and management. 【Methods】 Under laboratory conditions (photoperiod 14L:10D, RH 70%±15%), the developmental duration and survival rate of A. aeneociliella larvae reared on wheat at a series of temperatures were investigated, and the developmental threshold temperature and effective accumulated temperature were analyzed. The developmental duration and survival rate of A. aeneociliella larvae reared on wheat, maize and artificial diet were monitored at 25±1℃ with a 14L:10D photoperiod in the laboratory. 【Results】 The results showed that the temperature had significant effects on the development of A. aeneociliella. Within the constant temperature ranging from 13 to 29℃, the developmental duration of each stage of A. aeneociliella larvae shortened as the temperature rose gradually. There was no significant difference in the survival rate of larvae at the constant temperatures ranging from 13 to 29℃. However, under the constant temperature of 33℃, the development was suppressed obviously and the larvae died before completing a whole life span. The developmental duration of each instar of larvae (especially 1st-3rd instar larvae) feeding on different diets had significant difference, with the order of that feeding on wheat<that feeding on maize<that feeding on artificial feed. The developmental duration of the 4th-6th instar larvae feeding on wheat and maize had no significant difference, but was significantly lower than that feeding on artificial feed. 【Conclusion】A. aeneociliella has strong temperature adaptability and its developmental duration is significantly influenced by temperature changes. In the current occurrence area, wheat is the most suitable host and A. aeneociliella feeding on maize can also complete the larval growth and development in the laboratory. This study provides theoretical data for estimating the potential occurrence area in China and technical support for forecasting and comprehensively control the population dynamics of A. aeneociliella in the future.

Key words: griphila aeneociliella , temperature, food, growth and development, developmental duration, developmental threshold temperature, effective accumulated temperature