昆虫学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 65 ›› Issue (7): 866-876.doi: 10.16380/j.kcxb.2022.07.008

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

网粒体超疏水性在茶小绿叶蝉防杀虫剂渗透中的屏障效应

林美珍1,2,3, 屈政1, 胡尚咪1, 热孜亚·苏芒1, 杨广1,2,3,*   

  1. (1. 福建农林大学植物保护学院, 闽台作物有害生物生态防控国家重点实验室, 福州 350002; 2. 福建农林大学, 海峡两岸特色作物安全生产省部共建协同创新中心, 福州 350002; 3. 福建农林大学, 害虫绿色防控福建省高校重点实验室, 福州 350002)
  • 出版日期:2022-07-20 发布日期:2022-08-10

Barrier effect of brochosomes with superhydrophobicity on the resistance of the tea green leafhopper, Empoasca onukii (Hemiptera: Cicadellidea), to the permeability of insecticide droplets

LIN Mei-Zhen1,2,3, QU Zheng1, HU Shang-Mi1, SUMANG Reziya1, YANG Guang1,2,3,*   

  1.  (1. State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; 2. Ministerial and Provincial Joint Innovation Centre for Safety Production of Cross-Strait Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; 3. Key Laboratory of Green Control of Insect Pests of Fujian Province University, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China)
  • Online:2022-07-20 Published:2022-08-10

摘要:  【目的】茶小绿叶蝉Empoasca onukii体表覆盖的网粒体具有超疏水性,杀虫剂喷雾触碰虫体后药滴动态是否受网粒体影响尚未完全清楚。本研究旨在明确网粒体在茶小绿叶蝉成虫抵御杀虫剂雾滴渗透的屏障作用。【方法】以罗丹明B(RhB)作为指示剂添加到测试的杀虫剂(联苯菊酯和茚虫威)中,利用可拍照显微镜观察记录联苯菊酯(1.25 mg/L和0.05 mg/L)和茚虫威(0.006 mg/L和0.0009 mg/L)喷雾处理后 24 h,茶小绿叶蝉成虫翅面药滴滚落、蒸发、被抖动扫除等行为动态,分析翅面药滴大小与蒸发后固化形态的关系;测定网粒体移除前后药滴与翅面的接触角,统计不同疏水性翅面上的网粒体分布密度;收集并利用扫描电镜分析叶蝉体表抖落的药滴及药剂颗粒是否含有网粒体,同时观察网粒体与翅面残留溶质接触的显微形态。【结果】药滴动态观察显示,圆球状药滴在茶小绿叶蝉成虫翅面不会自行滚落,72.0%成虫静止等待翅面药滴蒸发,蒸发后形成药剂颗粒或不规则药斑与药滴大小无关,而与虫体翅面的疏水类型有关,蒸发后24 h内翅面的药剂颗粒都被叶蝉抖动扫除;在叶蝉疏水性强翅面上,药滴的静态接触角为141.63±8.06°,药滴蒸发后形成药剂颗粒,网粒体分布密度为6.1±1.2粒/μm2,而疏水性弱的翅面上药滴蒸发形成药斑,网粒体分布密度为2.2±0.9粒/μm2;SEM图片显示被茶小绿叶蝉抖落的药滴和药剂颗粒表面均带有网粒体,药斑和药剂颗粒的显微结构显示网粒体出现聚集并与残留溶质相融合。【结论】超疏水性网粒体的均匀分布决定药滴触碰茶小绿叶蝉成虫翅面后形成圆球状,网粒体的亲油性及团聚性促使药滴蒸发后形成药剂颗粒,网粒体的脱落性使药剂颗粒可被茶小绿叶蝉成虫抖动扫除。

关键词: 茶小绿叶蝉, 网粒体, 超疏水性, 杀虫剂雾滴, 药滴蒸发, 清扫

Abstract: 【Aim】 Brochosomes, covering on the body surface of the tea green leafhopper, Empoasca onukii, actively make their integument superhydrophobic. It is unclear whether the dynamic of insecticide droplets is influenced by brochosomes after droplets fall on insect body. This study aims to clarify the barrier effect of brochosomes on the resistance of E. onukii adults to the permeability of insecticide droplets. 【Methods】 Rhodamine B (RhB) was added into the test insecticides (bifenthrin and indoxacarb) as the indicator, and the dynamics of behaviors of E. onukii adults including rolling off, drying out, or swept away insecticide drops in 24 h after spraying of bifenthrin (1.25 and 0.05 mg/L) and indoxacarb (0.006 and 0.0009 mg/L) were observed and recorded by using photographic microscope. The relationship between the size of insecticide droplets and the deposition shapes after drying out on the leafhopper wings was analyzed. The contact angles between the insecticide droplet and the leafhopper forewing with brochosomes or brochosomes removed were measured. The brochosome densities on different hydrophobic wings were calculated. Both the insecticide droplets and granules of droplet deposition swept off from the leafhopper body were collected and observed under scanning electron microscope to verify the attachment of brochosomes. And the contact micromorphology of the dried solute of insecticide droplets with brochosomes on the leafhopper wings was observed. 【Results】 Spherical insecticide droplets could not autonomously roll off from the wings of E. onukii adults, and 72% of leafhoppers stood still until insecticide droplets on the wings dried out. Insecticide droplets were changed into granules or spots in irregular shape after evaporation, and the drying types of the droplets depended on the hydrophobicity of wing surface, but were unrelated to the droplet size. All the insecticide granules on the wings of E. onukii adults were swept away by grooming in 24 h after evaporation of droplets. On the hydrophobic leafhopper wings, the contact angle of droplet was 141.63±8.06°, and the drying droplets turned into granules, with the brochosome density of 6.1±1.2 particles/μm2, while the drying droplets turned into spots on the wings with low hydrophobicity, and the brochosome density of 2.2±0.9 particles/μm2. The SEM images showed that there were numerous brochosomes accumulated on the surface of insecticidal droplets and granules which were groomed away by E. onukii adults. Some brochosome agglomerates were found on insecticide spots and granules, and some were integrated with the dried solute residue. 【Conclusion】 The spherical shape of insecticide droplets on the wings of E. onukii adults are generated under the uniform distribution of superhydrophobic brochosomes. That insecticide droplets turn into granules after evaporation is related to the superoleophilicity and agglomeration of brochosomes. In addition, the detachment of brochosomes contributes to the removal of insecticide granules by grooming of E. onukii adults.

Key words:  Empoasca onukii, brochosome, superhydrophobicity, insecticide spray droplet; droplet evaporation, grooming