与中红侧沟茧蜂生境与寄主定位相关的玉米及棉铃虫幼虫体表挥发性成分的提取与鉴定

›› 2015, Vol. 58 ›› Issue (3): 244-255.

与中红侧沟茧蜂生境与寄主定位相关的玉米及棉铃虫幼虫体表挥发性成分的提取与鉴定

石庆型^{1, 2}, 罗庆怀³, 赵龙⁴, 周正湘⁵, 何广全⁶, 韦卫^2,*

(1.华南农业大学资源环境学院, 广州 510642; 2. 中国科学院动物研究所, 农业虫害鼠害综合治理国家重点实验室, 北京 100101; 3. 贵州师范大学生命科学学院, 贵阳 550001; 4. 贵州省毕节地区农业科学研究所, 贵州毕节 551700; 5. 贵州大学昆虫研究所, 贵阳 550025; 6. 河北省饶阳县植保站, 河北饶阳 053900）

出版日期:2015-03-20 发布日期:2015-03-20
作者简介:石庆型,男, 1986年生, 贵州黎平人, 博士研究生, 研究方向为农业昆虫与害虫防治, E-mail: shitoustone2729@126.com

Extraction and identification of maize volatiles and cuticular volatiles of larval Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) related to hosthabitat location and host location of parasitic wasp Microplitis mediator (Hymenoptera: Braconidae)

SHI Qing-Xing^1,2, LUO Qing-Huai³, ZHAO Long⁴, ZHOU Zheng-Xiang⁵, HE Guang-Quan⁶, WEI Wei^2,*

(1. College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; 2. State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; 3. School of Life Sciences, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550001, China; 4. Bijie Agricultural Science Institute, Bijie, Guizhou 551700, China; 5. Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; 6. Plant Protection Station of Raoyang County, Raoyang, Hebei 053900, China)

Online:2015-03-20 Published:2015-03-20

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】鉴定玉米Zea mays L.和棉铃虫Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner)幼虫体表挥发性成分中对中红侧沟茧蜂 Microplitis mediator (Haliday)具有生境与寄主定位作用的信息化合物，从化学生态学的角度研究玉米-棉铃虫-中红侧沟茧蜂三重营养关系，解释中红侧沟茧蜂寻找寄主的过程中的信息识别机制，为害虫的综合防治的“推-拉”方法提供一定的理论基础。【方法】利用触角电位仪(EAG)、触角电位联用仪(GC-EAD)、气质联用仪(GC-MS)及“Y”型嗅觉仪确定玉米和棉铃虫幼虫体表提取物的信息化合物。在室内利用玉米以及棉铃虫幼虫体表挥发物标准品化合物以及模拟混合物，使用“Y”型嗅觉仪进行中红侧沟茧蜂成虫行为反应试验。【结果】玉米挥发物中有11种化学成分，棉铃虫幼虫体表挥发物中有6种化学成分对中红侧沟茧蜂的触角具有电生理活性，其中4种成分在两种挥发物中都存在。室内行为反应试验发现：与正己烷对照相比，玉米的模拟组分对雌、雄蜂均表现出显著（P<0.05）的诱引作用；棉铃虫1龄幼虫体表模拟组分对雌蜂具有极显著的诱引作用（P<0.01），对雄蜂具有显著的诱引作用（P<0.05）；棉铃虫2龄幼虫体表模拟组分对雌蜂具有显著的诱引作用（P<0.05）。【结论】本研究证明了玉米以及棉铃虫幼虫体表挥发物中分别存在11种（庚醛、2-己醇、1-己醇、1-辛烯-3-醇、壬醛、葵醛、苯甲醛、反式-2-壬烯-1-醇、己酸、苯基乙醇、月桂醇）和6种（2-己醇、己酸乙酯、1-己醇、壬醛、辛酸乙酯、癸醛）中红侧沟茧蜂生境及寄主定位的化学信息物质。

关键词: 中红侧沟茧蜂, 棉铃虫, 玉米, 寄主定位, 信息化合物, 触角电位反应, 行为反应, 气相色谱触角电位联用仪, 气相色谱质谱联用仪

Abstract: 【Aim】 This study aims to identify maize ( Zea mays L.) volatiles and cuticular volatiles of larval Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) for host-habitat location and host location of Microplitis mediator (Haliday). The tritrophic interaction among maize, H. armigera, and M. mediator was investigated in the context of chemical ecology, and the mechanisms of chemical communications in host location of M. mediator were illustrated. The work has some implications for the “pull-push” approach in integrated pest management.【Methods】 Semiochemicals from maize volatiles and cuticular volatiles of H. armigera larvae were identified by using electroantennogram (EAG), gas chromatographic-electroantennographic detection (GC-EAD), gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer (GC-MS), and Ytube olfactometer test equipment. Standard semiochemicals and the mimetic compounds of maize volatiles and cuticlular volatiles of H. armigera larvae were used to test behavioral responses of M. mediator with Y-tube olfactometer in the laboratory.【Results】 Tested by GC-MS and GC-EAD, totally 11 compounds of maize volatiles and 6 compounds from cuticular volatiles of H. armigera larvae were found to be electrophysiologically active, of which 4 electrophysiologically active compounds were identified from both maize volatiles and cuticular volatiles of H. armigera larvae. Behavioral response tests in the laboratory showed that compared with the control of n-hexane male and female wasps were significantly attracted to the mimetic compounds of maize volatiles (P<0.05). Female wasps were significantly attracted to the mimetic compounds of cuticular volatiles of the 1st instar (P<0.01) and the 2nd instar larvae of H. armigera (P<0.05). Male wasps were significantly attracted to the synthesized compounds of cuticular volatiles of the 1st instar larvae of H. armigera (P<0.05). 【Conclusion】 These results demonstrated that 11 compounds (heptanal, 2-hexanol, 1-hexanol, 1-octen-3-ol, nonanal, decanal, benzaldehyde, E-2-nonen-1-ol, hexanoic acid, phenyethyl alcohol, and 1-dodecanol) from maize volatiles and six compounds (2-hexanol, ethyl hexanoate, 1-hexanol, nonanal, ethyl caprylate, and decanal) from cuticular volatiles of H. armigera larvae are responsible for host-habitat location and host location of M. mediator.

Key words: Microplitis mediator, Helicoverpa armigera, Zea mays, host location, semiochemical, EAG response, behavioral response, GC-EAD, GC-MS

石庆型, 罗庆怀, 赵龙, 周正湘, 何广全, 韦卫. 与中红侧沟茧蜂生境与寄主定位相关的玉米及棉铃虫幼虫体表挥发性成分的提取与鉴定[J]. , 2015, 58(3): 244-255.

SHI Qing-Xing, LUO Qing-Huai, ZHAO Long, ZHOU Zheng-Xiang, HE Guang-Quan, WEI Wei. Extraction and identification of maize volatiles and cuticular volatiles of larval Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) related to hosthabitat location and host location of parasitic wasp Microplitis mediator (Hymenoptera: Braconidae)[J]. , 2015, 58(3): 244-255.

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