二点委夜蛾适应性与玉米苗营养物质和次生代谢物质含量的关系

doi:10.16380/j.kcxb.2018.08.012

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】二点委夜蛾Athetis lepigone是夏玉米Zea mays苗期的一种新发害虫。本研究旨在测定不同品种玉米苗对二点委夜蛾幼虫的生物学和营养效应，揭示其发生与玉米品种的关系。【方法】二点委夜蛾3, 4和5龄幼虫分别饲喂3种普通玉米(鲁单9032、先玉335、郑单958)和1种甜玉米(超甜6)苗，测定幼虫鲜重、干重、存活率、相对取食速率(RCR)、相对生长速率(RGR)、近似消化率(AD)、食物转化率(ECD)和食物利用率(ECI)，分析这些指标与玉米苗中营养物质、蜡质和次生物质含量之间的关系。【结果】不同龄期的二点委夜蛾幼虫取食玉米苗的生物学和营养指标有较大差异。4种玉米苗的营养物质、蜡质和次生物质含量有显著差异。3龄幼虫取食鲁单9032和超甜6时相对取食速率、相对生长速率和近似消化率均较高，其存活率、鲜重、干重、相对取食速率、食物转化率与玉米苗可溶性糖含量呈显著正相关；相对生长速率与玉米苗蛋白质含量和氨基酸含量均呈显著正相关；存活率和相对取食速率与玉米苗总酚含量呈显著负相关；食物转化率与玉米苗单宁含量呈显著负相关。4龄幼虫取食先玉335时鲜重和干重最低，取食超甜6时近似消化率最高，取食郑单958时食物利用率最高，其鲜重、干重、相对取食速率和相对生长速率与玉米苗总酚含量呈显著负相关。5龄幼虫取食鲁单9032和先玉335时鲜重、干重和食物转化率较高，取食郑单958和超甜6时相对取食速率和近似消化率最高，取食先玉335的食物利用率最高，其相对生长速率与玉米苗蛋白质、氨基酸含量显著正相关。【结论】随着幼虫龄期的增加，二点委夜蛾在玉米上的适应性提高；二点委夜蛾幼虫对玉米的适应性与玉米叶片中可溶性糖、蛋白质和氨基酸含量呈正相关，与总酚和单宁含量呈负相关。

关键词: 二点委夜蛾, 寄主植物, 玉米, 营养效应, 营养物质, 次生物质

Abstract: 【Aim】 Athetis lepigone outbreaks recently and seriously damages summer maize (Zea mays) seedlings in China. This study aims to determine the biological and nutritional effects of different maize cultivars on A. lepigone larvae and to understand the relationship between the occurrence of this pest and maize cultivars. 【Methods】 The 3rd, 4th and 5th instar larvae of A. lepigone were fed on three regular maize cultivars(Ludan 9032, Xianyu 335 and Zhengdan 958)and one sweet maize (Chaotian 6), and their fresh weight, dry weight, survival rate, relative consumption rate (RCR), relative growth rate (RGR), approximate digestibility (AD), efficiency of conversion of digested food (ECD) and efficiency of conversion of ingested food (ECI) were determined, and the relationships between these indexes and the contents of nutrients, wax and secondary metabolites in maize seedlings were analyzed. 【Results】 The biological and nutrition indexes differed among different instar larvae of A. lepigone fed on four maize cultivars, and the contents of nutrients, wax and secondary metabolites differed among the four maize cultivars. The 3rd instar larvae fed on Ludan 9032 and Chaotian 6 had higher RCR, RGR and AD than those fed on Zhengdan 958 and Xianyu 335. The survival rate, fresh weight, dry weight, RCR and ECD of the 3rd instar larvae were significantly positively correlated to the soluble sugar content in maize seedlings, the RGR positively correlated to the protein and amino acid contents, the survival rate and RCR negatively correlated to the total phenol content, and the ECD negatively correlated to the tannin content. The 4th instar larvae fed on Xianyu 335, Chaotian 6 and Zhengdan 958 had the lowest fresh weight and dry weight, the highest AD and the highest ECI, respectively. The fresh weight, dry weight, RCR and RGR of the 4th instar larvae were significantly negatively correlated to the total phenol content in maize seedlings. The 5th instar larvae fed on Ludan 9032 and Xianyu 335 had higher fresh weight, dry weight and ECD, while those fed on Zhengdan 958 and Chaotian 6 had higher RCR and AD. The 5th instar larvae fed on Xianyu 335 had the highest ECI. The RGR of the 5th larvae was significantly positively correlated to the protein and amino acid contents in maize seedlings. 【Conclusion】 The adaptability of A. lepigone larvae to maize improves with the larval instar, and is positively correlated to the contents of soluble sugars, proteins and amino acids in maize seedlings, and negatively correlated to the total phenol and tannin contents.

Key words: Athetis lepigone, host plant, maize, nutrition efficiency, nutrients, secondary metabolites

郭婷婷, 门兴元, 于毅, 郭文秀, 张思聪, 孙廷林, 李丽莉. 二点委夜蛾适应性与玉米苗营养物质和次生代谢物质含量的关系[J]. , 2018, 61(8): 984-990.

GUO Ting-Ting, MEN Xing-Yuan, YU Yi, GUO Wen-Xiu, ZHANG Si-Cong, SUN Ting-Lin, LI Li-Li. Relationship between the adaptability of Athetis lepigone (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) and the contents of nutrients and secondary metabolites in maize seedlings[J]. , 2018, 61(8): 984-990.

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链接本文: http://www.insect.org.cn/CN/10.16380/j.kcxb.2018.08.012

http://www.insect.org.cn/CN/Y2018/V61/I8/984

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二点委夜蛾适应性与玉米苗营养物质和次生代谢物质含量的关系

Relationship between the adaptability of Athetis lepigone (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) and the contents of nutrients and secondary metabolites in maize seedlings

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