昆虫学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 62 ›› Issue (8): 921-929.doi: 10.16380/j.kcxb.2019.08.004

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

饵料蛋白质水平对德国小蠊营养效应及氮代谢的影响

张碧尧1, 王亚茹1, 范競文1, 邓惠2, 王国红1,*   

  1. (1. 福建师范大学生命科学学院, 福州 350117; 2. 广东省疾病预防控制中心, 广州 511430)
  • 出版日期:2019-08-20 发布日期:2019-08-29

Effects of dietary protein level on the nutritional utilization and nitrogen metabolism of Blattella germanica (Blattaria: Blattellidae)

ZHANG Bi-Yao1, WANG Ya-Ru1, FAN Jing-Wen1, DENG Hui2, WANG Guo-Hong1,*   

  1. (1. College of Life Sciences,Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China; 2. Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 511430, China)
  • Online:2019-08-20 Published:2019-08-29

摘要:

【目的】本研究旨在探究饵料蛋白质水平对德国小蠊Blattella germanica营养利用及氮代谢的影响,为蟑螂毒饵的研发提供新思路。【方法】采用标准重量分析法评估了取食4种不同蛋白质水平(5%, 25%, 45%和65%)饵料的德国小蠊雄成虫营养效率指数和氮利用率;利用分光光度法测定了取食不同蛋白水平饵料的德国小蠊雄成虫体内黄嘌呤氧化酶(xanthine oxidase, XOD)、谷草转氨酶(glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, GOT)、谷丙转氨酶(glutamic pyruvic transaminase, GPT)活性及尿酸含量。【结果】取食65%蛋白质饵料组的德国小蠊雄成虫的相对取食量最高,而取食45%蛋白质饵料组的雄成虫食物利用率、食物转化率及相对生长率均显著高于取食5%和65%蛋白质饵料组的雄成虫。且德国小蠊雄成虫体内氮、粪便氮、氮消耗速率、氮排泄率、氮生成率、氮同化效率、黄嘌呤氧化酶活性和尿酸含量均随饵料蛋白质水平的提高而提高,但65%蛋白质饵料组氮利用率最低,45%蛋白质饵料组谷草转氨酶活性最高,25%和45%蛋白质饵料组谷丙转氨酶活性显著高于5%和65%蛋白质饵料组。【结论】适量蛋白质饵料有利于德国小蠊对食物及氮的利用,而高蛋白质含量条件下德国小蠊谷草转氨酶和谷丙转氨酶活性下降,说明高蛋白不利于德国小蠊利用食物,且增加其代谢负担。

关键词: 德国小蠊, 蛋白质水平, 酶活性, 营养效应,

Abstract: 【Aim】 This study aims to explore the effects of dietary protein level on the nutrient utilization and nitrogen metabolism in Blattella germanica, so as to provide new ideas for the development of cockroach bait. 【Methods】 The nutritional efficiency parameters and nitrogen utilization rate in male adults of B. germanica fed on four diets containing different protein levels (5%, 25%, 45% and 65%) were evaluated by using standard gravimetric procedure method. The activities of xanthine oxidase, glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, glutamic pyruvic transaminase and uric acid in male adults of B. germanica fed on the diets containing different protein levels were determined by using spectrophotometric method. 【Results】 The male adults of B. germanica fed on the diet containing 65% protein had the highest relative consumption rate. The efficiency of conversion of ingested food, efficiency of conversion of digested food and relative growth rate of male adults fed on the diet containing 45% protein were significantly higher than those fed on the diets containing 5% and 65% protein. The nitrogen content, fecel nitrogen content, nitrogen consumption rate, nitrogen excretion rate, nitrogen production rate, nitrogen assimilation efficiency, xanthine oxidase activity and uric acid content in male adults increased with the increase of protein content in diets. However, the male adults fed on the diet containing 65% protein had the lowest nitrogen utilization rate. Besides, the group fed on the diet containing 45% protein had the highest glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase activity. The glutamic pyruvic transaminase activities in male adults fed on the diets containing 25% and 45% protein were significantly higher than those in male adults fed on the diets containing 5% and 65% protein. 【Conclusion】 Diets containing moderate protein level are beneficial to the utilization of food and nitrogen in B. germanica adults, and under the condition of high protein content the activities of glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase and glutamic pyruvic transaminase decrease, suggesting that high protein level will increase the burden of metabolism of B. germanica and is unfavorable to its utilization of food.

Key words: Blattella germanica, protein level, enzyme activity, nutritional utilization, nitrogen