昆虫学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 64 ›› Issue ( 2): 230-239.doi: 10.16380/j.kcxb.2021.02.010

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

草地贪夜蛾在不同小麦品种上的取食选择性和适应性及其与叶片生化物质含量的关系

刘欢, 张勇*, 陈巨莲*   

  1. (中国农业科学院植物保护研究所, 植物病虫害生物学国家重点实验室, 北京 100193)
  • 出版日期:2021-02-20 发布日期:2021-03-11

Feeding preference and adaptability of Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on different wheat cultivars in relation to leaf biochemical contents#br#

LIU Huan, ZHANG Yong*, CHEN Ju-Lian*    

  1. (State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China)
  • Online:2021-02-20 Published:2021-03-11

摘要:  【目的】测定草地贪夜蛾Spodoptera frugiperda在不同小麦品种上的取食选择性及适应性,探索害虫为害与小麦品种间的关系,明确黄淮海麦区主栽小麦品种对草地贪夜蛾的抗性水平,为麦田抗虫品种布局和害虫综合防治提供理论依据。【方法】比较了草地贪夜蛾1和3龄幼虫对15个小麦品种的取食选择性,初步筛选出1和3龄幼虫取食选择性均较高的4个品种和较低的2个品种,测定了此6个品种小麦叶片的生化物质(总蛋白、可溶性糖、总酚、单宁)含量,并通过Pearson相关性分析阐明了幼虫取食选择与叶片生化成分含量间的关系,并观察了草地贪夜蛾在6个小麦品种上的适应性。【结果】草地贪夜蛾1和3龄幼虫对淮麦46、淮麦33、KOK1679和铜麦6号的取食选择性较高,而对鲁原502和烟农21的取食选择性较低。Pearson相关性分析表明,1和3龄幼虫对不同小麦品种叶片的取食选择率与小麦叶片的总蛋白和可溶性糖含量呈正相关,与叶片总酚和单宁含量呈负相关。在不同小麦品种上草地贪夜蛾的生长发育进程存在明显差异,在铜麦6号上的寄主适合度指数最高、幼虫历期最短,而在烟农21上的幼虫历期最长。【结论】草地贪夜蛾对小麦品种适应性不同,其中烟农21对其具有较高的抗性。草地贪夜蛾幼虫偏好在总蛋白和可溶性糖含量高的小麦叶片上取食,而叶片总酚和单宁含量高则会抑制其取食,说明小麦利用营养物质和次生物质的代谢协调其不选择性和抗生性,导致品种间对草地贪夜蛾抗虫性的差异。

关键词: 草地贪夜蛾, 小麦品种, 取食选择性, 生化成分, 适应性, 生长发育, 繁殖力

Abstract: 【Aim】 This study aims to determine the feeding preference and adaptability of the fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda, on different wheat cultivars collected from the Huang-Huai-Hai wheat growing areas in North China, to explore the relationship between insect pest damage and wheat cultivars, and to clarify the resistance levels of different wheat cultivars to FAW, so as to provide a theoretical basis for the arrangement of insect resistant cultivars and integrated pest management in wheat fields. 【Methods】 The feeding preference of the 1st and 3rd instar larvae of FAW to 15 wheat cultivars was compared. Four wheat cultivars with high feeding preference and two wheat cultivars with low feeding preference for the 1st and 3rd instar larvae of FAW were screened out, the contents of biochemical components (total protein, soluble sugar, total phenol and tannin) in leaves of these six wheat cultivars were determined, the relationship between the feeding preference of the larvae and the contents of biochemical components in leaves of these six wheat cultivars was clarified by Pearson correlation analysis, and the adaptability of FAW on the six wheat cultivars was observed. 【Results】 The results revealed that the 1st and 3rd instar larvae of FAW preferred to feeding on Huaimai 46, Huaimai 33, KOK1679 and Tongmai 6, but not on Luyuan 502 or Yannong 21. The feeding preference of the 1st and 3rd instar larvae to leaves of different wheat cultivars was positively correlated with the total protein content and the soluble sugar content in wheat leaves, but negatively correlated with the total phenol content and the tannin content. The development of FAW was significantly different on leaves of different wheat cultivars, with the highest host suitability index and the shortest larval duration on Tongmai 6, and with the longest larval duration on Yannong 21. 【Conclusion】 The FAW showed different adaptability to different wheat cultivars, and Yannong 21 showed higher resistance to this insect pest. The FAW larvae prefer wheat leaves with higher contents of total protein and soluble sugar, while the feeding can be inhibited by high contents of total phenol and tannin in wheat leaves. It is speculated that the difference of resistance levels of different wheat cultivars to FAW is resulted from the coordination of nonpreference and antibiosis in wheat by the metabolism of nutrients and secondary substances.

Key words: Spodoptera frugiperda, wheat cultivars, feeding preference, biochemical component, adaptability, growth and development, fecundity