昆虫学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 63 ›› Issue (9): 1091-1100.doi: 10.16380/j.kcxb.2020.09.006

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

保幼激素类似物对烟蚜茧蜂生长发育、寄生率和蜕皮相关酶活性的影响

白晶晶1,#, 顾钢2,#, 赖荣泉1,*, 周挺2, 吴晓婷1, 陈丹明1, 舒静1   

  1. (1. 福建农林大学植物保护学院, 闽台作物有害生物生态防控国家重点实验室, 福州 350002; 2. 中国烟草总公司福建省公司, 福州 350003)
  • 出版日期:2020-09-20 发布日期:2020-09-30

Effects of juvenile hormone analogs on the growth and development, parasitism rate and activities of molting-related enzymes in Aphidius gifuensis (Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae)

BAI Jing-Jing1,#, GU Gang2,#, LAI Rong-Quan1,*, ZHOU Ting2, WU Xiao-Ting1, CHEN Dan-Ming1, SHU Jing1    

  1. (1. State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; 2. Fujian Province Corporation of China National Tobacco Corporation, Fuzhou 350003, China)
  • Online:2020-09-20 Published:2020-09-30

摘要: 【目的】烟蚜Myzus persicae是烟草上重要的害虫之一,烟蚜茧蜂Aphidius gifuensis是烟蚜的一种优势寄生蜂。本研究旨在筛选出可延迟烟蚜茧蜂羽化时间的最佳保幼激素,解决规模化繁殖过程中出现的烟蚜茧蜂羽化不一致、不整齐,生产上急需烟蚜茧蜂防控烟蚜时所需烟蚜茧蜂数量不足而影响防蚜效果等严重问题。【方法】利用液浸法测定了不同浓度(5 000, 1 000, 200, 40和8 ng/μL)的5种保幼激素类似物包括稀虫乙酯(ZR-512)、稀虫炔酯(ZR-777)、稀虫酯(ZR-515)、苯氧威[(对苯氧乙基)氨基甲酸乙酯)]和保幼激素Ⅲ(2,6-壬二烯酸)处理后对烟蚜茧蜂羽化率、羽化时间、成蜂寿命、雌蜂比例和寄生率的影响;通过生物化学方法测定1 000 ng/μL这5种保幼激素类似物处理后烟蚜茧蜂蛹内与蜕皮相关酶含量和活性,筛选能延迟烟蚜茧蜂羽化时间的最佳保幼激素类似物。【结果】测试的不同浓
度的5种保幼激素类似物中200 ng/μL ZR-777和1 000 ng/μL ZR-512处理后能显著延迟烟蚜茧蜂羽化时间,分别比对照(10%丙酮处理)延迟了44.00和56.00 h;不同浓度的ZR-515和苯氧威处理后烟蚜茧蜂羽化率较对照组显著降低。与对照组相比,测试的不同浓度的5种保幼激素类似物对成蜂寿命均没有显著影响;1 000和40 ng/μL ZR-777处理显著降低了雌蜂比例。200 ng/μL ZR-777, 1 000 ng/μL ZR-512和5 000 ng/μL ZR-512处理对烟蚜茧蜂的寄生率无显著影响。5种保幼激素类似物以1 000 ng/μL浓度处理时,ZR-512处理组中烟蚜茧蜂蛹内酚氧化酶含量和活性以及几丁质酶活性均最低。【结论】生产上可用1 000 ng/μL ZR-512和200 ng/μL ZR-777处理烟蚜茧蜂,以达到调控烟蚜茧蜂羽化时间,取得足量、一致的烟蚜茧蜂。结果为烟蚜茧蜂规模化繁殖提供了理论依据。

关键词: 烟蚜茧蜂, 烟蚜, 保幼激素类似物, 生长发育, 寄生, 酚氧化酶, 几丁质酶

Abstract: 【Aim】 Myzus persicae is one of the most important tobacco pests. Aphidius gifuensis is a critical parasitoid for this pest. This study aims to screen out the optimal juvenile hormone analogs that can delay the emergence time of A. gifuensis and to solve the problems in the actual mass rearing process of aphid control, such as the inconsistency of emergence of A. gifuensis wasps and the insufficient quantity of A. gifuensis wasps. 【Methods】 The effects of five juvenile hormone analogs including S-hydroprene (ZR-512), kinoprene (ZR-777), methoprene (ZR-515), fenoxycarb [ethyl (2-(p-phenoxy) ethyl) carbamate] and juvenile hormone Ⅲ (2,6-nonadienoic acid) at different concentrations (5 000, 1 000, 200, 40 and 8 ng/μL) on the emergence rate, emergence time, proportion of female adults and parasitism rate were determined by liquid immersion method, the contents and activities of molting-related enzymes in A. gifuensis pupae treated with the five juvenile hormone analogs at the concentration of 1 000 ng/μL were measured by biochemical method, and the optimal analogs that can delay the emergence time of A. gifuensis were screened. 【Results】 Among the tested five juvenile hormone analogs at different concentrations, 200 ng/μL ZR-777 and 1 000 ng/μL ZR-512 significantly delayed the emergence time of A. gifuensis by 44.00 and 56.00 h, respectively, as compared to the control (treated with 10% acetone), and ZR-515 and fenoxycarb at different concentrations significantly reduced the emergence rate of A. gifuensis as compared to the control. Compared with the control group, the five juvenile hormone analogs at different concentrations showed no significant effect on the adult longevity of A. gifuensis, while 1 000 and 40 ng/μL ZR-777 reduced the proportion of female adults of A. gifuensisTreatments with 200 ng/μL ZR-777, 1 000 ng/μL ZR-512 and 5 000 ng/μL ZR-512 had no significant effect on the parasitism rate of A. gifuensis. The content and activity of phenoloxidase and the activity of chitinase in A. gifuensis pupae treated with ZR-512 were the lowest when the five juvenile hormone analogs were applied at the concentration of 1 000 ng/μL. 【Conclusion】 In practice, 1 000 ng/μL ZR-512 or 200 ng/μL ZR-777 can be used to deal with A. gifuensis, so as to delay its emergence time and to obtain its wasps in sufficient quantity and with good consistency. The results provide theoretical references for the mass rearing of A. gifuensis.

Key words: Aphidius gifuensis, Myzus persicae; juvenile hormone analogs, growth and development, parasitism, phenoloxidase, chitinase