Abstract: 【Aim】 Aphididae insects are extremely polyphagous agricultural pests. The present study aims to better understand the phylogenetic relationship within Aphididae by mitogenome analysis. 【Methods】 The complete mitogenome of Myzus persicae (Hemiptera： Aphididae) was sequenced by next-generation sequencing (NGS) and PCR amplification， and sequence analysis in comparison with other Aphididae insects was made. The Bayesian and Maximum Likelihood phylogenetic analyses based on the 13 PCG sequences were performed. 【Results】 The mitogenome of M. persicae (GenBank accession no. KU_236024) is 17 832 bp in size and harbors an A+T content of 84.1%， an AT-skew of 0.094 and a GC-skew of -0.296. It contains 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs) (cox1-3， nad1-6， nad4L， atp6， atp8 and cytb)， 22 tRNA genes， two rRNA genes (rrnL and rrnS) and two long non-coding regions. The gene order and orientation of the mitogenome of M.persicae are similar to those of other aphids. All protein-coding genes (PCGs) start with an ATN initiation codon and terminate with a TAA stop codon， except for nad4， which terminates with a single T nucleotide as an incomplete stop codon. In the mitogenome of M.persicae， there is a non-coding region (307 bp) between tRNA^Glu and tRNA^Phe， which includes variable numbers of tandem repeats in a lineage-specific manner. The mitogenome of M.persicae has the control region of 2 531 bp which is the longest in all the sequenced aphid mitogenomes. In the mitogenome of M. persicae， six domains with 44 helices are present in the secondary structure of rrnL and three domains with 24 helices are present in the secondary structure of rrnS. Phylogenetic analysis based on 13 PCGs from M. persicae and 20 other insect species showed that every superfamily in the tree forms a monophyletic clade. 【Conclusion】 Within the Aphidinae subfamily， the monophyly of Aphidini and Macrosiphini had statistically high values. M.p ersicae was clustered with D. noxia， and C.s alicicola was positioned most basally within the clade of Macrosiphini. The results of this study provide some valuable molecular data for reconstructing the phylogenetic relationship in Aphididae.

Key words: Aphid, Myzus persicae, mitogenome, RNA, secondary structure, phylogeny