Abstract: A new genus and species of hemeroscopid dragonfly, Abrohemeroscopus mengi gen. Et sp.nov., of the family Hemeroscopidae Pritykina, 1977, from the Lower Cretaceous Jiufotang Formation, Liaoning Province, Northeastern China, is described and illustrated. This new genus is rather similar to Hemeroscopus Pritykina,1977, but differs from the latter in the following characters: (1) hindwing anal loop is smaller, only with 6-7 cells (plesiomorphy); (2) Rspl is absent (plesiomorphy); (3) the hindwing vein CuAa is curved and has five distinct posterior branches (plesiomorphy); (4) the forewing MP is not shortened, reaching the posterior wing margin slightly beyond the level of the nodus (plesiomorphy); (5) pterostigmata more distinctly braced (plesiomorphy); (6) the hindwing area between MP and CuAa is narrow, with only one row of cells near the discoidal triangle (plesiomorphy). This is the oldest fossil record of the Hemeroscopidae in China.

Key words: Taxonomy, Hemeroscopidae, new genus, new species, Lower Cretaceous, China