温度对芙新姬小蜂孤雌产雌品系成虫控制斑潜蝇的潜力的影响

doi:10.16380/j.kcxb.2022.05.010

昆虫学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 65 ›› Issue (5): 621-629.doi: 10.16380/j.kcxb.2022.05.010

温度对芙新姬小蜂孤雌产雌品系成虫控制斑潜蝇的潜力的影响

王绮静^1,2,#, 杨月梅^2,3,#, 杜素洁², 梁永轩², 郭建洋², 王福莲^1,*, 刘万学^2,*

(1. 长江大学农学院, 农林病虫害预警与调控湖北省工程技术研究中心, 湖北荆州 434025; 2. 中国农业科学院植物保护研究所, 植物病虫害生物学国家重点实验室, 北京 100193; 3. 山西师范大学生命科学学院, 山西临汾 041004)

出版日期:2022-05-20 发布日期:2022-05-08

Effects of temperature on the biocontrol potential of thelytokous adults of Neochrysocharis formosa (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) against agromyzid leafminers

WANG Qi-Jing^1,2,#, YANG Yue-Mei^2,3,#, DU Su-Jie², LIANG Yong-Xuan², GUO Jian-Yang², WANG Fu-Lian^1,*, LIU Wan-Xue^2,*

(1. Hubei Engineering Research Center for Pest Forewarning and Management, College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei 434025, China; 2. State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; 3. College of Life Science, Shanxi Normal University, Linfen, Shanxi 041004, China)

Online:2022-05-20 Published:2022-05-08

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】芙新姬小蜂Neochrysocharis formosa是潜叶蝇类害虫的优势寄生蜂。该寄生蜂具有两性生殖和孤雌产雌生殖两种繁殖模式，其孤雌产雌品系可在低密度下快速建立种群，无需饲养雄蜂，具有种群繁育成本低，生防应用潜力突出等优点。本研究旨在明确环境温度对芙新姬小蜂孤雌产雌品系控害潜力的影响，为该蜂的低成本规模化繁育、田间释放等应用实践提供参考。【方法】在室内以美洲斑潜
蝇Liriomyza sativae 2龄末至3龄初幼虫为寄主，统计4个温度(22, 26, 30和34℃)下芙新姬小蜂孤雌产雌品系雌成虫的取食致死寄主数、寄生致死寄主数、叮蛰致死寄主数、总致死寄主数、日均致死寄主数和成蜂寿命等生活史和控害参数。【结果】随温度升高，芙新姬小蜂孤雌产雌品系雌成虫对美洲斑潜蝇幼虫取食致死寄主数、寄生致死寄主数、叮蛰致死寄主数、总致死寄主数和日均总致死寄主数呈现先增加后降低的趋势，其中取食致死寄主数、寄生致死寄主数和叮蛰致死寄主数在30℃下最高，分别为236.1, 69.2和49.7头；在34℃下最低，分别为115.2, 19.8和21.6头。总致死寄主数在26℃(282.4头)和30℃(355.0头)下显著高于22℃(194.5头)和34℃下(156.5头)；日均总致死寄主数在30℃下最高(25.5头)。此外，随着环境温度升高，芙新姬小蜂孤雌产雌品系雌成虫的寿命逐渐缩短，在22℃下最长(16.9 d)，在34℃下最短(7.2 d)。【结论】尽管高温缩短了芙新姬小蜂孤雌产雌品系成虫的寿命，但其在30℃下控害能力较强，说明芙新姬小蜂孤雌产雌品系成虫可在30℃高温条件下对耐高温的斑潜蝇如美洲斑潜蝇发挥其控害潜力。

关键词: 芙新姬小蜂, 美洲斑潜蝇, 孤雌产雌品系, 温度, 寿命, 生防潜力

Abstract: 【Aim】 Neochrysocharis formosa is a dominant parasitoid against agromyzid leafminers. Both arrhenotoky and thelytoky exist in N. formosa. Thelytokous individuals can quickly establish populations at a low density without the need of raising drones, and the
thelytokous strain show more important potential in terms of breeding cost and biological control application. This study aims to analyze the effects of ambient temperature on the biocontrol potential of thelytokous N. formosa so as to provide reference for its
large-scale breeding and field release. 【Methods】 The late 2nd to the early 3rd instar larvae of Liriomyza sativae were used as hosts. The life history traits and biocontrol parameters including the numbers of host-feeding events, parasitism events, and host-stinging events, total number of host-killing events, daily number of host-killing events and longevity of the thelytokous female adults of N. formosa at four temperature conditions (22, 26, 30 and 34℃) were assessed in the laboratory. 【Results】 The numbers
of host-feeding events, parasitism events and host-stinging events, total number of host-killing events, and daily total number of host-killing events of thelytokous female adults of N. formosa increased generally and then decreased with the temperature increasing. The numbers of host-feeding events, parasitism events, and host-stinging events reached the peak at 30℃, which were 236.1, 69.2, and 49.7, respectively, and were the lowest at 34℃, which were 115.2, 19.8 and 21.6, respectively. The total numbers of host-killing events at 26℃ (282.4) and 30℃ (355.0) were significantly higher than those at 22℃ (194.5) and 34℃ (156.5), and the daily total number of host-killing events reached the peak at 30℃ (25.5). In addition, the longevity of thelytokous female adults of
N. formosa was the longest at 22℃ and the lowest at 34℃, which were 16.9 and 7.2 d, respectively, indicating that the life span of this parasitoid gradually decreased with the increase of temperature. 【Conclusion】 Although high temperatures shorten the longevity of the thelytokous adults of N. formosa, they show the pronounced ability to kill the host at 30℃, suggesting that the thelytokous adults of N. formosa can exert their biocontrol potential at 30℃ against such agromyzid leafminers with high heat tolerance as L. sativae.

Key words: Neochrysocharis formosa; Liriomyza sativae, thelytokous strain, temperature; longevity, biocontrol potential

王绮静, 杨月梅, 杜素洁, 梁永轩, 郭建洋, 王福莲, 刘万学. 温度对芙新姬小蜂孤雌产雌品系成虫控制斑潜蝇的潜力的影响[J]. 昆虫学报, 2022, 65(5): 621-629.

WANG Qi-Jing, YANG Yue-Mei, DU Su-Jie, LIANG Yong-Xuan, GUO Jian-Yang, WANG Fu-Lian, LIU Wan-Xue. Effects of temperature on the biocontrol potential of thelytokous adults of Neochrysocharis formosa (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) against agromyzid leafminers[J]. Acta Entomologica Sinica, 2022, 65(5): 621-629.

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温度对芙新姬小蜂孤雌产雌品系成虫控制斑潜蝇的潜力的影响

Effects of temperature on the biocontrol potential of thelytokous adults of Neochrysocharis formosa (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) against agromyzid leafminers

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