苹褐带卷蛾成虫对主要寄主植物挥发物的触角电位反应和行为反应

doi:10.16380/j.kcxb.2022.08.011

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】苹褐带卷蛾Adoxophyes orana是危害苹果、桃、梨、枣等果树的一种重要昆虫。近年来在陕西苹果和红枣产区发生面积逐年扩大，危害日趋严重。本研究旨在明确寄主植物挥发物在苹褐带卷蛾成虫嗅觉通讯中的作用，为开发植物源引诱剂提供基础数据。【方法】利用触角电位(electroantennogram, EAG)仪测定苹褐带卷蛾2日龄未交配雌、雄成虫对51种寄主植物挥发性化合物的EAG反应；利用本实验室开发的小型蛾类昆虫嗅觉行为测试装置测定苹褐带卷蛾成虫对15种具有显著EAG反应的挥发性化合物的行为反应。【结果】EAG测试结果表明，苹褐带卷蛾成虫对不同挥发性化合物的EAG反应相对值有显著差异，雌、雄成虫对顺3己烯1醇、反2己烯1醇、1己醇、1庚醇、己醛、反2己烯醛、庚醛、辛醛、壬醛、乙酸丁酯、乙酸异戊酯和乙酸顺3己烯酯的EAG反应较强。此外，雄成虫对3甲基1丁醇、1戊烯3醇、苯甲醛、丁酸丁酯、乙酸乙酯、三甲基巴豆酸乙酯、己酸乙酯、丙酸丁酯、异戊酸顺3己烯酯、苯甲腈和柠檬腈的反应较强。在待测的51种挥发性化合物中，苹褐带卷蛾成虫对29种化合物的EAG反应具有明显性别差异，除雌虫对(-)-α-水芹烯和莰烯的EAG反应显著高于雄虫外，雌虫对其他27种挥发性化合物的EAG反应显著低于雄虫。当测试的挥发性化合物剂量在0.02~20 μg时，随剂量的增大成虫的EAG反应变化不明显；当挥发物剂量在20~200 μg时，成虫的EAG反应随剂量的增大显著升高。嗅觉行为选择试验结果表明，雌成虫对己醛、庚醛、辛醛和乙酸顺3己烯酯有明显的趋性，选择率均高于58%；雄成虫对1己醇、庚醛、乙酸异戊酯和苯甲腈有明显的趋性。【结论】苹褐带卷蛾未交配雄成虫对寄主植物挥发性化合物的EAG反应较未交配雌成虫灵敏，1己醇、己醛、庚醛、辛醛、乙酸顺3己烯酯、乙酸异戊酯和苯甲腈对苹褐带卷蛾雌蛾或雄蛾具有明显的吸引作用，可以用于开发该害虫的植物源引诱剂。

关键词: 苹褐带卷蛾, 寄主植物挥发物, 触角电位反应, 行为反应, 嗅觉

Abstract: 【Aim】 Adoxophyes orana is an important insect pest endangering apple, peach, pear, jujube and other fruit trees. In recent years, the occurrence area of A. orana in the apple and jujube orchards of Shaanxi has increased by years, causing increasing harm to fruit production. The objective of this study is to clarify the roles of host-plant volatiles in the olfactory communication of A. orana adults, so as to provide basic data for the development of botanical attractants for A. orana. 【Methods】 The electroantennogram (EAG) responses of the 2-day-old unmatched female and male adults of A. orana to 51 host-plant volatile compounds were determined using EAG apparatus, and the behavioral responses of A. orana adults to 15 volatile compounds with strong EAG amplitude were measured with the device developed by our laboratory for testing the olfactory behavior of tiny moths. 【Results】 The EAG test results showed that there were significant differences in the relative EAG response values of A. orana adults to the tested 51 hostplant volatile compounds. Both sexes showed strong EAG responses towards cis-3-hexen-1-ol, trans-2-hexen-1-ol, 1-hexanol, 1-heptanol, hexanal, (E)-2-hexenal, heptanal, octanal, nonanal, butyl acetate, isopentyl acetate and cis-3-hexenyl acetate. In addition, male adults also displayed strong EAG responses to 3-methyl-1-butanol, 1-penten-3-ol, benzaldehyde, butyl butyrate, ethyl acetate, ethyl trimethylcrotonate, ethyl hexanoate, butyl propionate, cis-3-hexenyl isovalerate, benzonitrile and lemonile. Obvious differences existed in the EAG response values towards 29 compounds of the tested 51 volatile compounds between the females and the males, and female adults showed significantly higher EAG responses to (-)-α-phellandrene and camphene than males, while male adults exhibited significantly higher EAG responses to the other 27 volatile compounds than females. When the doses of volatile compounds ranged from 0.02 μg to 20 μg, the relative EAG response values did not increase significantly, however, when the doses of volatile compounds increased from 20 μg to 200 μg, the relative EAG values in both female and male adults significantly increased. The olfactory behavioral tests revealed that the female adults showed obvious preference to hexanal, heptanal, octanal and cis-3-hexenyl acetate, with the selection rates to them all exceeding 58%, while the males showed obvious preferences to 1-hexanol, heptanal, isopentyl acetate and benzonitrile. 【Conclusion】 The unmated male adults of A. orana show higher sensitivities towards host-plant volatiles in the EAG responses than the unmated females. 1-Hexanol, hexanal, heptanal, octanal, cis-3-hexenyl acetate, isopentyl acetate and benzonitrile have obvious attractancy to female or male adults of A. orana and can be applied in developing botanical attractants for this pest.

Key words: Adoxophyes orana, host-plant volatiles, electroantennogram response, behavioral response, olfactory

李广伟, 陈玉鑫, 闫瑞, 雷怡雪, 陈秀琳, 李伯辽. 苹褐带卷蛾成虫对主要寄主植物挥发物的触角电位反应和行为反应[J]. 昆虫学报, 2022, 65(8): 1026-1037.

LI Guang-Wei, CHEN Yu-Xin, YAN Rui, LEI Yi-Xue, CHEN Xiu-Lin, LI Bo-Liao. EAG and behavioral responses of adults of Adoxophyes orana (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) to volatiles of its major host plants[J]. Acta Entomologica Sinica, 2022, 65(8): 1026-1037.

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苹褐带卷蛾成虫对主要寄主植物挥发物的触角电位反应和行为反应

EAG and behavioral responses of adults of Adoxophyes orana (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) to volatiles of its major host plants

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