七种新烟碱类杀虫剂制剂对七星瓢虫的毒性及风险评估

doi:10.16380/j.kcxb.2023.06.004

昆虫学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 66 ›› Issue (6): 759-769.doi: 10.16380/j.kcxb.2023.06.004

七种新烟碱类杀虫剂制剂对七星瓢虫的毒性及风险评估

游泳^1,#，赵建伟^1,#，汤保华^2,#，曾兆华¹，骆凤球³，陈艺欣¹，杨风花¹，谢苗³，刘新刚^4,*，魏辉^1,*

(1. 福建省农业科学院植物保护研究所, 福建省作物有害生物监测与治理重点实验室, 福建省作物有害生物绿色防控工程研究中心, 福州 350013; 2. 沈化测试技术(南通)有限公司, 南通226133; 3. 福建农林大学生命科学学院, 福州 350002; 4. 中国农业科学院植物保护研究所, 北京 100193)

出版日期:2023-06-20 发布日期:2023-08-02

Toxicity and risk assessment of the formulations of seven neonicotinoid insecticides to Coccinella septempunctata (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae)

YOU Yong^1,#, ZHAO Jian-Wei^1,#, TANG Bao-Hua^2,#, ZENG Zhao-Hua¹, LUO Feng-Qiu³, CHEN Yi-Xin¹, YANG Feng-Hua¹, XIE Miao³, LIU Xin-Gang^4,*, WEI Hui^1,*

(1. Fujian Engineering Research Center for Green Pest Management, Fujian Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Integrated of Crop Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350013, China; 2. SYRICI Testing (Nantong) Co., Ltd., Nantong 226133, China; 3. College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; 4. Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China)

Online:2023-06-20 Published:2023-08-02

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】评估7种新烟碱类杀虫剂制剂对七星瓢虫Coccinella septempunctata的毒性和生态风险，为科学使用新烟碱类杀虫剂和保护七星瓢虫提供参考。【方法】采用试管药膜法，在室内测定了10%吡虫啉可湿性粉剂(WP)、40%啶虫脒可溶粉剂(SP)、50%呋虫胺可湿性粉剂(WP)、50%噻虫胺水分散粒剂(WG)、40%氯噻啉水分散粒剂(WG)、17%氟吡呋喃酮可溶液剂(SL)和25%噻虫嗪水分散粒剂(WG)7种新烟碱杀虫剂制剂对七星瓢虫2龄幼虫的急性毒性，并进行了生态风险评估。将7种杀虫剂分别用生产田间最大推荐用量配制成溶液，在温室内采用盆栽法实施喷雾，调查七星瓢虫幼虫的存活率。【结果】室内实验结果表明，7种新烟碱类杀虫剂对七星瓢虫2龄幼虫的急性毒性由高到低依次为： 40%啶虫脒SP＞40%氯噻啉WG＞10%吡虫啉WP＞50%呋虫胺WP＞50%噻虫胺WG＞25%噻虫嗪WG＞17%氟吡呋喃酮SL。盆栽试验表明，在田间最大推荐用量下，施药后7 d时的七星瓢虫幼虫存活率为10.00%~77.50%，其中施用25%噻虫嗪WG的处理中幼虫存活率最高，施用40%氯噻啉WG的处理中幼虫存活率最低。风险评估结果表明，在单次用药下，除40%啶虫脒SP的农田内危害熵值(hazard quotient in field, HQ_in)大于5，风险不可接受，其他药剂的HQ_in均小于5，风险均可接受；7种杀虫剂对七星瓢虫的农田外农作物或蔬菜田场景危害熵值(hazard quotient off crop or vegetable, HQ_{off crop or vegetable})和农田外果园场景危害熵值(hazard quotient off fruit tree, HQ_{off fruit tree})均大于5，风险均可接受。间隔7 d再次用药后，40%啶虫脒SP和50%呋虫胺WP的HQ_in大于5，风险不可接受，其他5种药剂的HQ_in均小于5，风险可接受；而除了40%啶虫脒SP外，其他药剂对七星瓢虫的HQ_{off crop or vegetable和HQoff fruit tree}均小于5，风险均可接受。【结论】为避免对七星瓢虫造成危害，建议在生产上啶虫脒和呋虫胺不要连续使用两次，应轮换使用药剂。

关键词: 七星瓢虫, 新烟碱类杀虫剂, 急性毒性, 风险评估, 危害熵

Abstract: 【Aim】To evaluate the toxicity and ecological risks of the formulations of seven neonicotinoid insecticides to the 7-spot ladybird, Coccinella septempunctata, so as to provide a reference for scientific use of neonicotinoid insecticides and protection of C. septempunctata.【Methods】The acute toxicity of the formulations of seven neonicotinoid insecticides, including 10% imidacloprid WP, 40% acetamiprid SP, 50% dinotefuran WP, 50% clothianidin WG, 40% imidaclothiz WG, 17% flupyradifurone SL and 25% thiamethoxam WG to the 2nd instar larvae of C. septempunctata was determined by using the method of residual film in glass tube, and the ecological risks of these insecticides were assessed. The solutions of the seven insecticides were prepared according to the maximum recommended field application rate, and sprayed on potted plants in the greenhouse to investigate the larval survival rate of C. septempunctata.【Results】The results of the indoor experiments showed that the acute toxicity of the seven neonicotinoid insecticides to the 2nd instar larvae of C. septempunctata was ranked in a descending order: 40% acetamiprid SP>40% imidaclothiz WG>10% imidacloprid WP>50% dinotefuran WP>50% clothianidin WG>25% thiamethoxam WG>17% flupyradifurone SL. The pot experiment in the greenhouse showed that the larval survival rates of C. septempunctata at 7 d after treatment with the seven insecticides at the maximum recommended field application rate were 10.00%-77.50%, and the highest larval survival rate of C. septempunctata was tested in the treatment with 25% thiamethoxam WG, while the lowest survival rate was observed in the treatment with 40% imidaclothiz WG. The results of ecological risk assessment showed that for a single application, the risk of 40% acetamiprid SP was unacceptable with the hazard quotient value in the farm (HQ_in) of more than 5, and those of the other pesticides were acceptable with the HQ_in values of less than 5. The hazard quotient values for crop or vegetable field outside the farm (HQ_{off crop or vegetable}) and for fruit tree garden outside the farm (HQ_{off fruit tree}) of these insecticides to C. septempunctata were less than 5, indicating that the risk is acceptable. After the second spray after 7 d, the risks of 40% acetamiprid SP and 50% dinotefuran WP were unacceptable with the HQ_in values of more than 5, and those of the other insecticides were acceptable with the HQ_invalues of less than 5. The HQ_{off crop or vegetable}and HQ_{off fruit tree}values of the other insecticides except 40% acetamiprid SP were less than 5, indicating that the risks of these insecticides are acceptable.【Conclusion】Acetamiprid and dinotefuran should not be used twice continuously and be used in rotation in order to avoid harm to C. septempunctata.

Key words: Coccinalla septempunctata, neonicotinoid insecticide, acute toxicity, risk assessment, hazard quotient

游泳, 赵建伟, 汤保华, 曾兆华, 骆凤球, 陈艺欣, 杨风花, 谢苗, 刘新刚, 魏辉. 七种新烟碱类杀虫剂制剂对七星瓢虫的毒性及风险评估[J]. 昆虫学报, 2023, 66(6): 759-769.

YOU Yong, ZHAO Jian-Wei, TANG Bao-Hua, ZENG Zhao-Hua, LUO Feng-Qiu, CHEN Yi-Xin, YANG Feng-Hua, XIE Miao, LIU Xin-Gang, WEI Hui. Toxicity and risk assessment of the formulations of seven neonicotinoid insecticides to Coccinella septempunctata (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae)[J]. Acta Entomologica Sinica, 2023, 66(6): 759-769.

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七种新烟碱类杀虫剂制剂对七星瓢虫的毒性及风险评估

Toxicity and risk assessment of the formulations of seven neonicotinoid insecticides to Coccinella septempunctata (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae)

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