生物源和新烟碱类杀虫剂对湘北棉区棉叶蝉的毒力测定及田间防效

doi:10.16380/j.kcxb.2023.12.012

昆虫学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 66 ›› Issue (12): 1667-1674.doi: 10.16380/j.kcxb.2023.12.012

生物源和新烟碱类杀虫剂对湘北棉区棉叶蝉的毒力测定及田间防效

刘冰蕾¹, 郭莉莉¹, 汪建武²，赵瑞元¹，丁世勇¹，杨彬³，龙熙平¹，李彩红^1,*

(1.湖南省棉花科学研究所, 常德 415000; 2.湖南大学湖南发展研究院, 长沙 410082；3.湖南大学电气与信息工程学院, 长沙 410082)

出版日期:2023-12-20 发布日期:2024-01-21

Toxicity and field control efficacy of bioinsecticides and neonicotinoid insecticides against Amrasca biguttula (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) in North Hunan cotton area

LIU Bing-Lei¹, GUO Li-Li¹, WANG Jian-Wu², ZHAO Rui-Yuan¹, DING Shi-Yong¹, YANG Bin³, LONG Xi-Ping¹, LI Cai-Hong^1,*

(1. Hunan Institute of Cotton Science, Changde 415000, China; 2. Hunan Research Institute for Development, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China； 3. College of Electrical and Information Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China)

Online:2023-12-20 Published:2024-01-21

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】旨在明确生物源和新烟碱类杀虫剂对棉叶蝉Amrasca biguttula若虫的毒力水平和田间药效，为棉叶蝉科学防治提供依据。【方法】以浸叶法在室内测定了3种生物源杀虫剂(藜芦胺、阿维菌素、苦参碱)和5种新烟碱类杀虫剂(烯啶虫胺、氯噻啉、呋虫胺、噻虫嗪和啶虫脒)处理24 h时对湘北棉区棉叶蝉3龄若虫的致死中浓度(median lethal concentration, LC₅₀)值。基于各杀虫剂推荐使用剂量，以人工喷雾法在棉叶蝉发生盛期于2021年8月湖南桃源县棉田对0.5%藜芦胺可溶液剂(soluble concentrate, SL)（5.625 g a.i./hm²）、5%阿维菌素乳油(emulsifiable concentrate, EC)（10.5 g a.i./hm²）、2%苦参碱水剂(aqueous solution, AS)（10.5 g a.i./hm²）、10%烯啶虫胺AS（30 g a.i./hm²）、40%氯噻啉水分散粒剂(water dispersible granule, WG)（30 g a.i./hm²）、20%呋虫胺悬浮剂(suspension concentrate, SC)（75 g a.i./hm²）、30%噻虫嗪SC（33.75 g a.i./hm²）和5%啶虫脒EC（18 g a.i./hm²）进行棉叶蝉田间防效评价。【结果】室内毒力测定结果表明：处理后24 h时，8种杀虫剂对棉叶蝉3龄若虫的毒力从大到小依次为05%藜芦胺SL>5%阿维菌素EC>10%烯啶虫胺AS>40%氯噻啉WG>20%呋虫胺SC>2%苦参碱AS>30%噻虫嗪SC>5%啶虫脒EC，且生物源杀虫剂0.5%藜芦胺AS与5%阿维菌素EC对棉叶蝉3龄若虫的LC₅₀值分别为1.79和4.00 mg/L，其毒力均高于供试的5种新烟碱类杀虫剂。田间药效试验结果表明，0.5%藜芦胺SL对棉叶蝉的田间防效最佳，施药1 d后校正防效为91.36%，显著高于其他杀虫剂；药后7和14 d时的校正防效分别为86.14%和80.09%，仅次于20%呋虫胺SC的92.02%和86.99%，与10%烯啶虫胺AS和40%氯噻啉WG的无显著差异，但显著高于其他杀虫剂的。【结论】本研究结果表明藜芦胺和烯啶虫胺对湘北棉区棉叶蝉种群兼具较好的室内杀虫活性与田间防效。为了减少杀虫剂的不合理使用，促进化学农药与生物源农药的协同应用，建议在棉田交替使用藜芦胺与烯啶虫胺防治棉叶蝉。

关键词: 棉叶蝉, 生物源杀虫剂, 新烟碱类杀虫剂, 室内毒力, 田间药效

Abstract: 【Aim】 To ascertain the toxicity levels and field control efficacy of bioinsecticides and neonicotinoid insecticides against Amrasca biguttula nymphs, so as to provide a scientific basis for its control. 【Methods】 The median lethal concentration (LC₅₀) values of three bioinsecticides (veratramine, avermectin and matrine), and five neonicotinoid insecticides (nitenpyram, imidaclothiz, dinotefuran, thiamethoxam and acetamiprid) against the 3rd instar nymphs of A. biguttula in North Hunan cotton area were determined at 24 h after treatment using leaf-dipping method in laboratory. Based on the recommended field application rate of each insecticide, the field control efficacy of 0.5% veratramine soluble concentrate (SL) (5.625 g a.i./hm²), 5% avermectin emulsifiable concentrate (EC)(10.5 g a.i./hm²), 2% matrine aqueous solution (AS) (10.5 g a.i./hm²), 10% nitenpyram AS (30 g a.i./hm²), 40% imidaclothiz water dispersible granule (WG) (30 g a.i./hm²), 20% dinotefuran suspension concentrate (SC) (75 g a.i./hm²), 30% thiamethoxam SC (33.75 g a.i./hm²) and 5% acetamiprid EC (18 g a.i./hm²) against A. biguttula was evaluated by using artificial spraying in Taoyuan County, Hunan during the occurrence peak of A. biguttula in August, 2021. 【Results】 The laboratory toxicity assessment result revealed that at 24 h after treatment, the toxicity of the eight insecticides to A. biguttula nymphs was ranked in a descending order as follows: 0.5% veratramine SL>5% avermectin ES>10% nitenpyram AS>40% imidaclothiz WG>20% dinotefuran SC>2% matrine AS>30% thiamethoxam SC>5% acetamiprid EC. The bioinsecticides 0.5% veratramine SC and 5% avermectin EC had the LC₅₀ values of 1.79 and 4.00 mg/L against the 3rd instar nymphs of A. biguttula, respectively, exhibiting higher toxicity than the five tested neonicotinoid insecticides. Field control efficacy experiment results showed that 0.5% veratramine SL had the best field control efficacy against A. biguttula， with the corrected control efficacy of 91.36% at 1 d after application, significanly higher than that of the other insecticides. At 7 and 14 d after application, the field corrected control efficacy of 0.5% veratramine SL against A. biguttula was 86.14% and 80.09%, respectively, only lower than that of 20% dinotefuran SC (92.02% and 86.99%, respectively), showing no significant difference from that of 10% nitenpyram AS and 40% imidaclothiz WG, and significantly higher than that of the other insecticides. 【Conclusion】 These results suggest that veratramine and nitenpyram show good indoor insecticidal activities and field control efficacy against A. biguttula populations in North Hunan cotton area. To reduce the improper use of insecticides and promote the synergistic application of chemical and biopesticides, we recommend that veratramine and nitenpyram should be used alternately to control A. biguttula in cotton fields.

Key words: Amrasca biguttula, bioinsecticide, neonicotinoid insecticides, laboratory toxicity, field control efficacy

刘冰蕾, 郭莉莉, 汪建武, 赵瑞元, 丁世勇, 杨彬, 龙熙平, 李彩红. 生物源和新烟碱类杀虫剂对湘北棉区棉叶蝉的毒力测定及田间防效[J]. 昆虫学报, 2023, 66(12): 1667-1674.

LIU Bing-Lei, GUO Li-Li, WANG Jian-Wu, ZHAO Rui-Yuan, DING Shi-Yong, YANG Bin, LONG Xi-Ping, LI Cai-Hong. Toxicity and field control efficacy of bioinsecticides and neonicotinoid insecticides against Amrasca biguttula (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) in North Hunan cotton area[J]. Acta Entomologica Sinica, 2023, 66(12): 1667-1674.

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生物源和新烟碱类杀虫剂对湘北棉区棉叶蝉的毒力测定及田间防效

Toxicity and field control efficacy of bioinsecticides and neonicotinoid insecticides against Amrasca biguttula (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) in North Hunan cotton area

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